爱华网配置之前先了解一下BIND DNS服务器软件：BIND是一种开源的DNS（Domain Name System）协议的实现，包含对域名的查询和响应所需的所有软件。它是互联网上最广泛使用的一种DNS服务器，对于类Unix系统来说，已经成为事实上的标准。
为了构架DNS服务器来解析域名或IP地址，我们得安装BIND和caching-nameserver。为了TCP和UDP53数据包能通过，我们也有必要配置路由器。
安装 BIND 软件包
1、安装
# yum -y install bind caching-nameserver
2、配置
下面的例子是以公网IP（172.16.0.80/29），局域网IP（192.168.0.0/24），域名（linuxde.net）作说明。在配置你自己的服务器时，请使用你自己的IP和域名。
# vim /etc/named.conf
options {directory "/var/named";# query rangeallow-query { localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; };# transfer rangeallow-transfer { localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; };# recursion rangeallow-recursion { localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; };};controls {inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };};# here is the section for internal informationsvimew "internal" {match-clients {localhost;192.168.0.0/24;};zone "." IN {type hint;file "named.ca";};# set zones for internalzone "linuxde.net" IN {type master;file "linuxde.net.lan";allow-update { none; };};# set zones for internalzone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {type master;file "0.168.192.db";allow-update { none; };};zone "localdomain" IN {type master;file "localdomain.zone";allow-update { none; };};zone "localhost" IN {type master;file "localhost.zone";allow-update { none; };};zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {type master;file "named.local";allow-update { none; };};zone "255.in-addr.arpa" IN {type master;file "named.broadcast";allow-update { none; };};zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN {type master;file "named.zero";allow-update { none; };};};vimew "external" {match-clients {any;};zone "." IN {type hint;file "named.ca";};# set zones for externalzone "linuxde.net" IN {type master;file "linuxde.net.wan";allow-update { none; };};# set zones for external *notezone "80.0.16.172.in-addr.arpa" IN {type master;file "80.0.16.172.db";allow-update { none; };};};include "/etc/rndc.key";# *note : For How to write for reverse resolvimng, Write network address reversely like below.the case for 192.168.0.0/24network address? 192.168.0.0range of network? 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.0.255how to write? 0.168.192.in-addr.arpacase of 172.16.0.80/29network address? 172.16.0.80range of network? 172.16.0.80 - 172.16.0.87how to write? 80.0.16.172.in-addr.arp设置Zones
创建zone文件以便服务器能解析域名IP。
1、内部zone文件
这个例子使用的是内网地址（192.168.0.0/24），域名(linuxde.net)，请根据自己的具体情况配置。
# vim /var/named/linuxde.net.lan
$TTL 86400@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. ( 2007041501 ;Serial 3600 ;Refresh 1800 ;Retry 604800 ;Expire 86400 ;Minimum TTL) # define name server IN NS ns.linuxde.net. # internal IP address of name server IN A 192.168.0.17 # define Mail exchanger IN MX 10 ns.linuxde.net. # define IP address and hostnamens IN A 192.168.0.17
2、外部zone文件
这个例子使用的是外网地址（172.16.0.80/29），域名（linuxde.net），请替换成自己的。
# vim /var/named/linuxde.net.wan
$TTL 86400@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. ( 2007041501 ;Serial 3600 ;Refresh 1800 ;Retry 604800 ;Expire 86400 ;Minimum TTL) # define name server IN NS ns.linuxde.net. # external IP address of name server IN A 172.16.0.82 # define Mail exchanger IN MX 10 ns.linuxde.net. # define IP address and hostnamens IN A 172.16.0.82
创建zone文件使服务器能够反向解析IP到域名。
3、内部zone文件
这个例子使用的是内网地址（192.168.0.0/24），域名（linuxde.net），请使用自己的设置替换。
# vim /var/named/0.168.192.db
$TTL 86400@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. ( 2007041501 ;Serial 3600 ;Refresh 1800 ;Retry 604800 ;Expire 86400 ;Minimum TTL) # define name server IN NS ns.linuxde.net. # define range that this domain name in IN PTR linuxde.net. # define IP address and hostname IN A 255.255.255.017 IN PTR ns.linuxde.net.
4、外部zone文件
这例子使用外网地址（172.16.0.80/29），域名（linuxde.net），请替换成自己的。
# vim /var/named/80.0.16.172.db
$TTL 86400@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. ( 2007041501 ;Serial 3600 ;Refresh 1800 ;Retry 604800 ;Expire 86400 ;Minimum TTL) # define name server IN NS ns.linuxde.net. # define range that this domain name in IN PTR linuxde.net. # define IP address and hostname IN A 255.255.255.24882 IN PTR ns.linuxde.net.启动BIND
1、完成BIND的配置后，在启动named之前，还需要建立chroot环境。
# yum -y install bind-chroot
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/named start
# chkconfig named on
2、操作检验
确认服务器已经正确解析域名或IP地址。
# dig ns.linuxde.net.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> ns.linuxde.net.
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 54592
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;ns.linuxde.net. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
ns.linuxde.net. 86400 IN A 192.168.0.17
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
linuxde.net. 86400 IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.0.17#53(192.168.0.17)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 8 19:35:19 2007
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 68
# dig -x 192.168.0.17
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> -x 192.168.0.17
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 45743
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;17.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
17.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR ns.linuxde.net.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns.linuxde.net. 86400 IN A 192.168.0.17
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.0.17#53(192.168.0.17)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 8 19:37:50 2007
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 107
配置从DNS服务器
配置从DNS服务器比较简单。下面的例子主DNS是“ns.linuxde.net”，从DNS是“ns.example.info”。
1、在主DNS服务器的zone文件作如下配置
# vim /var/named/linuxde.net.wan
$TTL 86400@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. ( # update serial 2007041501 ;Serial 3600 ;Refresh 1800 ;Retry 604800 ;Expire 86400 ;Minimum TTL) IN NS ns.linuxde.net. # add name server IN NS ns.example.info. IN A 172.16.0.82 IN MX 10 ns.linuxde.net.ns IN A 172.16.0.82
# rndc reload
server reload successful
2、配置从DNS服务器
# vim /etc/named.conf
# add these lines below
zone "linuxde.net" IN {
type slave;
masters { 172.16.0.82; };
file "slaves/linuxde.net.wan";
};
# rndc reload
server reload successful
# ls /var/named/slaves
linuxde.net.wan # zone file in master DNS has been just transfered
设置别名记录，如果你想为你的主机设置另一个名称，在zone文件定义CNAME记录
# vim /var/named/server-Linux.info.wan
$TTL 86400@ IN SOA ns.server-linux.info. root.server-linux.info. ( # update serial 2007041501 ;Serial 3600 ;Refresh 1800 ;Retry 604800 ;Expire 86400 ;Minimum TTL) IN NS ns.server-linux.info. IN A 172.16.0.82 IN MX 10 ns.server-linux.info.ns IN A 172.16.0.82# aliase IN CNAME server's nameftp IN CNAME ns.server-linux.info.
# rndc reload
server reload successful
