爱华网Key structures
一般过去时和现在完成时的比较
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作。
时间状语多为：last year, last month, 3 years ago, in 1994, justnow等。
2）现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果；或表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在，而且还可能继续延续下去的动作；或表示经验。
时间状语多为表示到现在为止的这段时间。
since 1994, for three years, up until now, just,before等。此外，在用already,yet,just ,ever,never这类副词做状语时，常可用现在完成时。
I saw him in1994.我在1994年看见他的。
I haven’t seen him since1994.我从1994年以后就再也没有见过他了。
I saw him 3 yearsago.我三年前见过他。
I haven’t seen him for 3years.我已经三年没有见过他了。
He stayed at this hotel lastmonth.他上个月住过这家旅馆。
Have you ever stayed at thishotel?你住过这家旅馆吗？
I went abroad lastyear.我去年出国了。
Up till now, I have never been abroadbefore.至今为止，我从没出过国。
1. We _____ each other again since then. [ not see] have not seen
从那以后，我们再没有见过对方。
2. I _____ in last night. [ am ] was
昨天晚上我在家。
3. I _____ much of him recently. [ not see ]have not seen
recently=these days
我最近没见过他几次。
4. The day before yesterday / Yesterday she _____for theU.K.[ leave ]left
U.K.= the United KindomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。英国。
leave for离开去某地
前天她去了英国。
5. He _____ a good deal since he _____ here. [learn / come ] has learnt /came
自从他来这儿，他学到了很多东西。
课文内容：
Captain Ben Fawcett has boughtanunusualtaxi and has begun anew service. The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a'PilatusPorter'. Thiswonderfulplanecan carry sevenpassengers. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that itcan land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flewfromBirminghamto a lonelyvillage in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett hasflown passengers to many unusual places. Once he landed on the roofof ablockof flats and onanother occasion, he landed inadesertedcar park. CaptainFawcett has just refused astrangerequestfrom abusinessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island intheAtlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did nottake him because the trip was too dangerous.
参考翻译：
本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的业务。这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“号。这架奇妙的飞机可以载7名乘客。然而，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至刚耕过的田里。弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生，他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。从那时开始，弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。一次，他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上；还有一次，降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛--罗卡尔岛，弗西特机长之所以不送他去，是因为那段飞行太危险了。
解析：
1.Captain Ben Fawcett has boughtanunusualtaxi and has begun anew service.
本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的业务。
captain机长（本文含义）
可指上尉，队长，船长，连长，领班等。
service ['sə:vis]
1) n.服务，贡献，帮助，功劳
socialservices社会福利事业
He did me a greatservice.他帮了我很大的忙。
2) n.供水，通讯等公共事业，业务，公共汽车的行驶，班次等。
a mail service / a postalservice邮政业务
the telephoneservice电话业务，电话网络
Is there a good train service into thecity? 往市内的火车班次方便吗？
3) n.车辆，机器等定期的维修
When did you take your car forservice?你什么时候修的车？
after-saleservice售后服务
4) n.军务，兵役
He was in the service for twoyears.他在服两年兵役。
at a person’sservice随时为某人服务
I’m at yourservice.我随时为您效劳。
2.The 'taxi' is a small Swissaeroplane called a'PilatusPorter'.
这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“号。
Swiss adj.瑞士人的，瑞士的n.瑞士人（单复数同形）
Switzerland瑞士
called a‘PilatusPorter’
被叫做…的飞机
过去分词短语作定语
3.Thiswonderfulplanecan carry sevenpassengers.
这架奇妙的飞机可以载七名乘客。
4. The most surprising thing about it, however, isthat it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughedfield.
然而，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至刚耕过的田里。
that引导表语从句。
anywhere任何地方somewhere某个地方nowhere没有什么地方
ploughed过去分词过定语。刚刚被耕过的。
5.Captain Fawcett's firstpassenger was a doctor who flewfromBirminghamto a lonelyvillage in the Welsh mountains.
弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生，他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。
who引导定语从句，修饰医生。
6.Since then, Captain Fawcetthas flown passengers to many unusual places.
从那时开始，弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。
since then现在完成时的时间状语。
fly-flew-flown
1) vi.鸟，飞机等飞
Look, we are flying overtheRocky Mountains.
看，我们在落基山脉上面飞行呢。
2) vt.驾驶飞机
It seems very difficult to fly ajumbo.驾驶大型喷气式飞机看起来很难。
jumbo['dʒʌmbəu] 大型喷气式飞机
3) Timeflies.光阴似箭。
soar [sɔ:] 急速升空，高飞
float [fləut] 漂浮
hover ['hɔvə] 盘旋
glide[ɡlaid] 滑行
skim [skim] 掠过
7.Once he landed on the roof ofablockof flats and on anotheroccasion, he landed inadesertedcarpark.
一次，他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上；还有一次，降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。
once…on anotheroccasion一次……还有一次on one occasion…onanother occasion
occasion [ə'keiʒən]n.场合
on severaloccasions在几次不同场合
in honor of theoccasion为表庆贺
on rareoccasions偶尔
I have met him on severaloccasions.我见过他几次。
8.Captain Fawcett has justrefused a strangerequestfrom abusinessman.
弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。
refuse拒绝请求或给予某种东西
He refused myhelp.他拒绝了我的帮助。
He refused mypresent.他拒绝了我的礼物。
refuse to dosth拒绝做某事
He refused to helpme.他拒绝帮助我。
deny[di'nai] 否认（一种指控），不承认
He denied that he had stolen themoney.他否认他偷了钱。
9.The man wanted to fly toRockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcettdid not take him because the trip was too dangerous.
这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛--罗卡尔岛，弗西特机长之所以不送他去，是因为那段飞行太危险了。
the AtlanticOcean大西洋
the PacificOcean太平洋
the ArticOcean北冰洋
the IndianOcean印度洋
难点：
bring / take / fetch
bring带来，由某处带来某物
take拿走，从某地或某人处带走
fetch取来，去某地，取某物并带回
He brought the book with him when he came to seeme.
他来看我的时候把书带来了。
He took the book with him when he left.
他走的时候把书带走了。
I asked him to go to my room and fetch myglasses.
我请他去我的房间取来我的眼镜。
very / too
very很，非常
I arrived very late but I caught thetrain.
我到得很迟，但赶上了火车。
too太，过于
I arrived too late and I missed thetrain.
我到得太迟，误了火车。
1. When you go to the kitchen, please _____ me aglass of water. [ fetch / bring ] bring
当你到厨房的时候，请帮我拿一杯水。
2.The ball went over the fence and football playerasked a boy to _____ it. [ fetch / bring ] fetch
足球飞过了栅栏，运动员叫小男孩去拿回来。
3. When I asked him he _____ to tell me. [ refused/ denied ] refused
当我问他的时候他拒绝回答我。
4. Do you _____ that you have told me a lie? [deny / refuse ] deny
你否认你说过谎吗？
5.How are you? _____ well, thank you. [ too / very] very
你好吗？很好，谢谢。
Exercises
1. This is the most surprising thing about it. Itis _____ than anything.
A. mostsurprisingB. moresurprisingC. moresurprisedD. mostsurprised
分析：看到than得知应该找比较级，所以排除AD。Surprised主语应为人，表示感到惊奇的。选B
2.The ploughed field is ready for ____.
A. sewingB.sowingC.seedingD. growing
分析：A.缝纫；C.结出种子，也有播种的意思，但作及物动词，常与with搭配，如：seed the field withwheat; D.生长，长大，不符合题意。选B
耕好的田地是准备来播种的。
3. It’s a lonely village. It is ______.
A. farB. farfrom anywhereC.aloneD. the only one
分析：选B。远离任何地方。A只表示远。C只表示单独，并不孤独。D含义不符。
4. I shall have a companion in the house after allthese years _____ .
A. singleB.soleC.aloneD. lonely
分析：single单个的，唯一的，常作表语和定语，不能做副词用。Sole唯一的，词义不符。alone独自一人地，可做形容词或副词，符合句义和搭配。lonely孤独的，寂寞的，尤指心情上，词义和搭配都不符合。选C
谚语
1. A watched kettle never boils. / A watched potnever boils.
老是看壶水不开；心急水不开。凡是越焦急地等待反越觉得慢。
2. Actions speak louder than words. / Facts speaklouder than words.
行动比言语更为重要。事实胜于雄辩。少说多做。
