1. ar的读音有三种:
a.ar常发[a:]:arcade, garden, market, park
b.在/w/后常发[ɔ:]:warm(暖和的)
c.在非重读音节中ar发[ə]:dollar
2.er也有三种发音:
a.在重读音节中发长元音[ə:]:her, dessert;特例:clerk[a:]。
b.在非重读音节中er却发短元音[ə]:answer, computer, daughter,concert, summer, shower, exercise
3.ir一般都发[ə:]:dirty, first, shirt,thirty
4.or有三种读音:
a.在重读音节中常发[ɔ:]:for, sport, shorts, morning,born;
特例:airport中or是在非重读音节里,但也发[ɔ:]。
b.在/w/后or却发[ə:]:word, work, world
c.在非重读音节中发短元音[ə]:color, actor,neighborhood
5.ur的读音有两种:
a.在重读音节中发[ə:]:Thursday
b.在非重读音节中发短元音[ə]:Saturday,survey