单个分词作后置定语
分词作定语时,通常采用“单前短后”的原则,但是下面的单个分词却放在名词后面。
1、当单个分词表示性质、状态等特征时,常放在名词前,而强调动作,表示一时一事时,放在名词后较多。
a cleaning woman 一位女清洁工
a woman cleaning一位正在打扫的妇女
a dancing girl一位舞女(永久性)
a girl dancing一位正在跳舞的女孩 (暂时性)
More examples:
This is Mary speaking.
There is only one place left.
I have answered all the lettersreceived.
…the people surveyed was 247(SB3:97).
Things lost never come again! Icouldn’t help talking (07. 湖南).
the peoplequestioned
the problemsdiscussed
the experiencegained
the success obtained
any person objecting
2、名词前有only,very,the first,thelast等词或有形容词最高级时,分词放在名词后。
This is the farthest place seen.
这是能看到的最远地方。
That is the very thing wanted .
那正是所需要的东西。
This is the only machine required.
这是唯一需要的机器。
3、在therebe句型中,分词放在名词后。
There were no soldiers drilling.
没有士兵操练。
There are some students talking.
有一些学生在讲话。
4、在一些固定搭配中,分词放在名词后。
For the time being . 暂时
For five years running 连续五年
5、如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those,替代词one等时,即使一个单一的分词作形容词用,也要放在被修饰的词的后面。
Is there anythingunsolved?
Those talking ,stop,please!
那些说话人,请停下来!
Who is the one crying?
在哭的那人是谁?
6、有时单个分词放在名词前或后,意义有很大的区别。(更多例句待有时间再补充)
What’s the method used?用的是什么方法?
a used bike means an old bike.旧的自行车。
We agreed to meet at a given timeand place .我们同意在指定的时间和地点见面。
Fill in each of the blanks withthe proper form of the verb given .用所给动词的适当形式填空。
an involvedproblem一个复杂的问题
the probleminvolved 牵涉到的问题
a concernedair关切的神情
the departmentsconcerned 有关部门