爱华网2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）
英 语
本试卷共12页，三大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I．语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
We all know that some things areobviously right. For example, it is right to be 1to otherpeople. It is also right to look after the environment. Some thingsare 2wrong,too. For instance, we should not hurt or bully(欺负) others, nor should we litter. Rulesoften tell us what is right or wrong.
Rules can help the public make theright 3, and remain safe. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulationsthat tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes.Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent4.
If people follow rules without takingother matters into consideration, it will be 5for themto form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view. Forexample, they may believe that people should always tell the truth,and that lying is 6acceptable. Suchpeople always stick to their views, even if it means that they mayget into 7.
Sometimes it may not be so easy toknow 8what isright or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because theybelieve that it is 9to eatanimals, but others argue that they can eat meat and10be kind toeat animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but othersthink that one does not need to feel so 11 when stealing somefood to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is12.
Rules help us live together inharmony, because they show us the right way to 13others.However, some people argue that rules may be 14, having observed that rules change all the time, and that someschools have some regulations and others have different ones— sowho is to 15what isright?
1. A. kindB. sensitiveC.fairD.generous
2. .A. equallyB. slightlyC.clearlyD. increasingly
3. A. suggestionsB.conclusions C. turnsD.choices
4. A. accidentsB.mistakesC.fallsD.deaths
5. A. interestingB.vitalC.easyD.valuable
6. A. seldomB.rarelyC.merely D. never
7. A. troubleB.powerC.prisonD. control
8. A. roughlyB.eventuallyC.deliberatelyD. exactly
9. A. awfulB.cruelC.unhealthy D. unnecessary
10. A. stillB.evenC.laterD. somehow
11. A. nervousB.anxiousC.afraidD. guilty
12. A. beggingB.starvingC.growing D. wandering
13. A. followB.instructC.treat D. protect
14. A.disgustingB.confusingC.unsafe D. unimportant
15. A.predictB.explainC.decideD. consider
第二节 语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。
Mary will never forget the first timeshe saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16(wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he 17(buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was fromNew York City.
For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt 18(please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But shequickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact thatshe sat in 19lastrow.
20he thought he couldescape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It mighthave made it a little 21(hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, butthat didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever theyturned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 22made her feel like a star.
“Do you need those glasses formedical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.“Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in the class. Ilike to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you. ” The new boylooked at the teacher 23a fewseconds and all the other students wondered 24the boywould do. Then he took 25 off, gave a big smileand said, “That’s cool.”
II．阅读（共两节；满分50分）
第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
“Have a nice day!” may be a pleasantgesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says“have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares aboutwhat happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another personcares about me and wishes me well.
“Have a nice day. Next!” this versionof the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket whois rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out inthe same tone with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not tome. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is themanagement’s attempt to increase business.
The expression is one of thosebehaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes itindicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you knowthe meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when wedon’t know what to say. “oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terriblysorry, but have a nice day.”
The expression can be pleasant. If astranger says “Have a nice day!” to you, you may find itheart-warming became someone you don’t know has tried to be nice toyou.
Although the use of the expression isan insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothingwrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting.The sale girl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countlessothers who speak it without thinking may not really care about myday. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know theycare enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care allthat much. While the expression may not often he sincere, it isalways spoken. The point is that people say it all the time whenthey like.
26. How doesn’t the author understandMaxie’s word?
A. Maxie shows her anxiety to theauthor.
B. Maxie really wishes the author agood day.
C. Maxie encourages the author tostay happy.
D. Maxie really worries about theauthor’s security.
27. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2mean?
A. The salesgirl is rude.
B. The salesgirl is bored.
C. The salesgirl cares aboutme.
D. The salesgirl says the words as aroutine.
28. By saying “Have a nice day,” astranger may______.
A. try to be polite to you
B. express respects to you
C. give his blessing toyou
D. share his pleasure withyou.
29. According to the last paragraph,people say “Have a good day” __________
A. sincerely
B. as thanks
C. as a habit
D. encouragingly
30. What is the best title of thepassage?
A. Have a Nice Day---- a SocialCustom
B. Have a Nice Day----- a pleasantGesture
C. Have a Nice Day----- aheart-warming Greeting
D. Have a Nice Day----- a politeending of a Conversation
B
I have been consistently opposed tofeeding a baby regularly. As a doctor, mother and scientist inchild development I believe there is nothing to recommend it, fromthe baby’s point of view.
Mothers, doctors and nurses alike have noidea of where a baby’s blood sugar level lies. All we know is thata low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easilyannoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down andsleep is impossible. The baby asks for attention by crying andsearching for food with its mouth.
It is not just unkind but also dangerousto say a four-hourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied.The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock-watchingschedule was Dr. Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in thenight. I’ve never heard anything so ridiculous. Baby feedingshouldn’t follow a timetable set by the mum. What is important isfeeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause someinconvenience in the first few weeks.
Well, at last we havecopper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding andpoints out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding. The researchfinds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school atage 5, 7, 11 and 14, than babies fed according to the clock. By theage of 8, their IQ（智商）scores are four to five percenthigher than babies fed by a rigid timetable. This research comesfrom Oxford and Essex University using a sample（样本）of 10,419 children born in the early1990s,taking account of parental education, family income, achild’s sex and age, the mother’s health and feeling style. Theseresults don’t surprise me. Feeding according to schedule runs therisk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account ofsinking blood sugar levels.
I hope this research will put an end toadvocating strictly timed baby feeling practices.
31. According to Paragraph 2, onereason why a baby cries is that it feels______.
A. sickB. upsetC. sleepyD. hungry
32. What does the author think aboutDr. King?
A. He is strict.
B. He is unkind.
C. He has the wrong idea.
D. He sets a timetable formothers
33. The word copper-bottomed inParagraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. basicB. reliableC. surprisingD. interesting
34. What does the research tell usabout feeding a baby on demand?
A. The baby will sleepwell.
B. The baby will have its brainharmed.
C. The baby will have a low bloodsugar level.
D. The baby will grow to be wiser bythe age of 8.
35. The author supports feeding thebaby_______.
A. in the nightB. every four hours
C. whenever it wants foodD. according to its blood sugar level
C
I was blind, but I was ashamed of itif it was known. I refused to use a white stick and hated askingfor help. After all, I was a teenage girl, and I couldn’t bearpeople to look at me and think I was not like them. I must havebeen a terrible danger on the roads. Coming across me wanderingthrough the traffic, motorists probably would have to stop rapidlyon their brakes. Apart from that, there were all sorts of disastersthat used to occur on the way to and from work.
One evening, I got off the bus abouthalfway home where I had to change buses, and as usual I ran intosomething. “I’m awfully sorry,” I said and stepped forward only torun into it again. When it happened a third time, I realized I hadbeen apologizing to a lamppost. This was just one of the stupidthings that constantly happened to me. So I carried on and foundthe bus stop, which was a request stop, where the bus wouldn’t stopunless passengers wanted to get on or off. No one else was thereand I had to guess if the bus had arrived.
Generally in this situation, becauseI hated showing I was blind by asking for help, I tried to guess atthe sound. Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand therefeeling stupid as it drew away. In the end, I usually managed toswallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help.
But at this particular evening no onejoined me at the stop; it seemed that everyone had suddenly decidednot to travel by bus. Of course I heard plenty of buses pass, or Ithought I did. But because I had given up stopping them for fear ofmaking a fool of myself, I let them all go by. I stood there alonefor half an hour without stopping one. Then I gave up. I decided towalk on to the next stop.
36. The girl refused to ask for helpbecause she thought .
A. she might be recognized
B. asking for help lookedsilly
C. she was normal andindependent
D. being found blind was
37. After the girl got off the bus that evening,she.
A. began to run
B. hit a person as usual
C. hit a lamppost
D. was caught by something
38. At the request stop that evening, the girl.
A. stopped a big lorry
B. stopped the wrong bus
C. made no attempt to stop the bus
D. was not noticed by other people
39. What was the problem with guessing at thesound to stop a bus?
A. Other vehicles also stopped there
B. It was unreliable for makingjudgments.
C. More lorries than buses responded to thegirl.
D. It took too much time for the girl to catch thebus.
40. Finally the girl decided to walk to the nextstop, hoping .
A. to find people there
B. to find more buses there
C. to find the bus by herself there
D. to find people more helpful there
D
Sports accounts for a growing amount ofincome made on the sales of commercial time by televisioncompanies. Many television companies have used sports to attractviews from particular sections of the general public, and then theyhave sold audiences to advertisers.
An attraction of sports programs for themajor U.S. media company is that events are often held on Saturdayand Sunday afternoons — the slowest time periods of the week forgeneral television viewing. Sport events are the most popularweekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watchmuch television at other times during the week. This means thetelevision networks are able to sell advertising time at relativelyhigh prices during what normally would be dead time forprogramming.
Media corporations also use sports toattract commercial sponsors that might take their advertisingdollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certainsports. The people in the advertising departments of majorcorporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They alsorealize that most business travelers are men and that many men makefamily decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and lifeinsurance.
Golf and tennis are special cases fortelevision programming. These sports attract few viewers, and theratings(收视率) are unusually low. However, theaudience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. Itis made up of people from the highest income groups in the UnitedStates, including many lawyers and business managers. This is whytelevision reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companiesselling high-priced cars, business and personal computers, andholiday trips. This is also why the networks continue to carrythese programs regardless of low ratings. Advertisers are willingto pay high fees to reach high-income consumers and those managerswho make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” andcomputers. With such viewers, these programs don’t need highratings to stay on the air.
41. Television sports programs on weekendafternoons ___________.
A. result in more sport events
B. get more viewers to playsports
C. make more people interested intelevision
D. bring more money to the televisionnetworks.
42. Why would weekend afternoons becomedead time without sport programs?
A. Because there would be fewviewers
B. Because the advertisers would be offwork.
C. Because television programs would goslowly.
D. Because viewers would pay less forwatching television.
43. In many families, men make decisionson _________.
A. holiday trips
B. sports viewing
C. television shopping
D. expensive purchases
44. The ratings are not important for golfand tennis programs because _______.
A. their advertisers arecarmakers
B. their viewers are attracted bysports
C. their advertisers target at richpeople.
D. their viewers can afford expensivecars
45. What is the passage mainlyabout?
A. Television ratings are determined bymale viewers.
B. Rich viewers contribute most totelevision companies.
C. Sports are gaining importance inadvertising on television.
D. Commercial advertisers are the majorsponsors of sport events.
第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
首先请阅读下列某实习编辑从一组读者来信中整理出来的关键备忘信息。
A Hobbies: reading,listening to music and watching birds Purpose: asking for sparecopies of textbooks, teaching materials or journals |
B Hobbies: reading, singingand traveling Purpose: learning aboutideas of teaching professionals in the world |
C Hobbies: role-playing,listening to music and collecting nice things Purpose: communicatingwith new friends among English teachers from the UK and theUSA |
D Hobbies: reading andexchanging fancy gifts and ideas about local customs andconventions Purpose: exchanging ideason teaching methods |
E Hobbies: listen to westernpop music, exchanging gifts and collecting things Purpose: making friendswith both fellow teachers and students of English around theworld |
F Hobbies: swimming, cyclingand raising cats and dogs Purpose: finding penfriends all over the world and communicating in English |
以下信函为上面关键备忘信息的来源。为有效管理资料，请将关键备忘信息与信函原件匹配起来。
Dear Editor, I am a secondary school teacher of English. Iwould like to have pen friends all over the world for my students.They are aged 15-19 and good at swimming, cycling and raising catsand dogs. If students in your country are interested incorresponding with Turkish students in English, please tell them towrite to my address, so that I can distribute their letters to mystudents who are willing to have friends and are in need ofpractice. Ms. Imbat 81030, Istanbul Turkey |
Dear Editor, I am interested in corresponding with other TEFLteachers and researchers about issues of professional development.I would like to share ideas with fellow teachers fromEnglish-speaking countries throughout the world. My hobbies arereading, listening to music and watching birds. Since I live in arather isolated area, I would appreciate any spare copies oftextbooks, teaching materials or journals that other teachers wouldbe able to send me. Ms. Juliana Sirait 21214, Kisaran Indonesia |
Dear editor, I am a 33-year-old secondary school teacher ofEnglish in hungary. I would like to make new friends among Englishteachers mainly from England, the USA, Switzerland, andScandinavia. I am interested in role-playing and team work. I wouldalso like to correspond with colleagues all over the world with thesame hobbies as mine: collecting nice things, listening to music,reading and traveling. Mariann Nyari 6724, Szeged, Tavasz 1/B Hungary |
Dear Editor, I am a 23-year-old Peace Corps Volunteer teachingsecondary English in Equatorial Guinea. This is my first experienceteaching formally, so I would like to know some of the ideas of allyou professionals out there in the world. Letters do not have to beall business. When school day ends, I would enjoy hearing from you.I enjoy reading, singing, traveling and so on. Kury W. Cobham AP Box 456 Equatorial Guinea |
Dear Editor, I’m a 30-year-old teacher of English at a middleschool. I’d be happy to make friends with both fellow teachers andstudents of English around the world. I also wish to find penfriends for my students between 13 and 20 years old. My interestsare letter writing, listening to western pop music, exchanginggifts, and collecting stamps, maps, picture postcards andcoins. Mr. S. Thevachandra 47/1, Kalm Unai Sir Lanka |
III. 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）
你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。
【写作内容】请根据以下信息，介绍一位传奇人物。
姓名：Allan Stewart 国籍：澳大利亚 出生日期：1915年3月7日 世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位*时年龄最大 学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。 第一个学位：1936年获得 第二个学位：医学博士** 第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。 第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。 |
*硕士学位：master’s degree; **博士doctor
【写作要求】
只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
【评分标准】
要求句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。
第二节 任务型写作（共1小题，满分25分）
阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
My husband received a letter a month agofrom a young woman who had been his student when she was in middleschool. She was writing because she wanted to thank him for havinga great influence on her life.
In the letter she wrote, “You were theteacher who helped me discover my talent for math. Before you cameto teach us, I had been terribly poor at math, and had neverthought that I would be interested in it. To my surprise, youmagically showed me the beauty of math. I guess that was theturning point of my attitude towards it. Gradually my interest init began to grow. Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuousprogress in math, and finally made up my mind to study it in theuniversity. Today I am working as an accountant at Valley medicalCenter in California. You played an important part. Thankyou!
What a wonderful gift to a retiredteacher! My husband has received many letters from students overthe years. This one was special, for it arrived at this time in hislife when he is in very poor health.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 以约120个词就老师影响学生的话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：
（1）上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师；
（2）举例说明该老师对你学习或成长的影响；
（3）你怎样看待老师对学生的影响。
【写作要求】
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
参考答案：
1－5 ACDAC6-10 DADBA11-15 DBCBC
16wearing17 had bought18 pleased19 the20 Although
21harder22 which23 for24 what25 them
26-30BDACA31-35DCBDC36-40 DCCBA
41-45DADCC46-50 FACBE
Allan Stewart, a famous Australian legend, wasborn in March 7th 1915, whose confidence that it is never late tochallenge oneself made him succeed ingetting four scholastic degrees and even setting a new Guinness WorldRecord in 2006--- he graduated with a master’s degree at the age of91 as the oldest graduate.
As we know, he has experienced a significant lifeof constant study. Basically, he acquired his first academicqualification in 1936 and before long the second --- a doctor’degree was granted. And this aroused his significant interest instudy, which led him to a great determination to study law in hiseighties and successfully he got a master’s degree in this field in2006 and eventually, he gained his another master’s degree bydistance learning through the Internet in 2012,praised by his professor for his reasonable arrangements for hisresearch.
It can be world-widely believed that hisconfidence it is never late to challenge oneself not only can leadAllan Stewart to a public figure but also will encourage each of usto develop the knowledge in science andimprove our spiritual life to reach great achievements in thefuture.
