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GUIDELINES PROCUREMENT UNDER IBRDLOANS AND IDA CREDITS
世界银行贷款项目的采购指南
May2004Revised October 1, 2006
2004年5月2006年10月修改
目 录
I.Introduction概述
1.1Purpose目的
1.2General Considerations一般考虑因素
1.5Applicability of Guidelines指南的适用性
1.6Eligibility合格性
1.9Advance Contracting and Retroactive Financing提前签订合同与追溯贷款
1.10 JointVentures 联营体
1.11 BankReview世行审查
1.12Misprocurement错误采购
1.13References to Bank对世行的提法
1.14 Fraudand Corruption欺诈和腐败
1.16Procurement Plan采购计划
II.International Competitive Bidding国际竞争性招标
A.General总则
2.1Introduction概述
2.2 Typeand Size of Contracts合同的类型和规模
2.6Two-Stage Bidding两步法招标
2.7Notification and Advertising通知和广告
2.9Prequalification of Bidders对投标人的资格预审
B. BiddingDocuments招标文件
2.11General总则
2.13Validity of Bids and Bid Security投标有效性和投标保证金
2.15Language语言
2.16Clarity of Bidding Documents招标文件的澄清
2.19Standards标准
2.20 Useof Brand Names品牌的使用
2.21Pricing报价
2.24 PriceAdjustment价格调整
2.26Transportation and Insurance运输和保险
2.28Currency Provisions货币规定
2.29Currency of Bid投标货币
2.31Currency Conversion for Bid Comparison为比较投标进行的货币转换
2.32Currency of Payment付款货币
2.34 Termsand Methods of Payment付款条件和方法
2.37Alternative Bids备选方案投标
2.38Conditions of Contract合同条款
2.39Performance Security履约保证金
2.41Liquidated Damages and Bonus Clauses违约赔偿和奖励条款
2.42 ForceMajeure不可抗力
2.43Applicable Law and Settlement of Disputes 适用法律和争端的解决
C. BidOpening, Evaluation, and Award of Contract开标、评标和授标
2.44 Timefor Preparation of Bids 投标书的准备时间
2.45 BidOpening Procedures 开标程序
2.46Clarifications or Alterations of Bids对投标书的澄清或修正
2.47Confidentiality 保密性
2.48Examination of Bids投标书的检查
2.49Evaluation and Comparison of Bids对投标的评审和比较
2.55Domestic Preferences国内优惠
2.57Extension of Validity of Bids 投标有效期的延长
2.58Postqualification of Bidders对投标人的资格后审
2.59 Awardof Contract 授予合同
2.60Publication of the Award of Contract公布合同授予的情况
2.61Rejection of All Bids拒绝所有投标
2.65Debriefing事后情况说明
D.Modified ICB简化的国际竞争性招标
2.66Operations Involving a Program of Imports 涉及进口计划的项目
2.68Procurement of Commodities商品的采购
III. OtherMethods of Procurement其他采购方式
3.1General总则
3.2Limited International Bidding有限国际招标
3.3National Competitive Bidding国内竞争性招标
3.5Shopping 询价采购
3.6 DirectContracting直接签订合同
3.8 ForceAccount 自营工程
3.9Procurement from United Nations Agencies从联合国机构采购
3.10Procurement Agents采购代理
3.11Inspection Agents检验代理
3.12Procurement in Loans to Financial Intermediaries中间金融机构贷款的采购
3.13Procurement under BOO/BOT/BOOT, Concessions and Similar PrivateSector Arrangements
BOO/BOT/BOOT、特许经营和类似的私营部门参与融资的采购
3.14Performance-Based Procurement 基于性能的采购
3.16Procurement under Loans Guaranteed by the Bank由世行提供担保的贷款项下的采购3.17Community Participation in Procurement社区参与采购
Appendix1: Review by the Bank of Procurement Decisions附录一：世行对采购决定的审查
1.Scheduling of Procurement采购计划安排
2. PriorReview事前审查
5. PostReview事后审查
Appendix2: Domestic Preferences附录二：国内优惠
1.Preference for Domestically Manufactured Goods对于国内制造货物的优惠
2.Preference for Domestic Contractors对国内承包商的优惠Appendix 3:Guidance to Bidders、
附录三：投标人指南
1.Purpose目的
2.Responsibility for Procurement 采购的责任
3. Bank’sRole 世行的作用
4Information on Bidding招标信息
5.Bidder’s Role投标人的作用
6.Confidentiality保密性
7. Actionby the Bank世行采取的行动
8.Debriefing事后情况说明
Acronyms缩写词
BOOBuild, own, operate 建设－拥有－经营
BOOTBuild, own, operate, transfer 建设－拥有－经营－转让
BOTBuild, own, transfer建设－拥有－转让
CIFCost, Insurance, and Freight 到岸价
CIPCarriage and Insurance Paid
(place ofdestination)运费及保险费付至(目的地)
CPTCarriage Paid to
(namedplace of destination) 运费付至(指定目的地)
DDPDelivered Duty Paid完税后交货
EXWEx works, Ex factory, or Off the Shelf 工厂交货价
FCA FreeCarrier (named place)货交承运人(指定地点)
GNPGross National Product 国民生产总值
IBRDInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (WorldBank)
国际复兴开发银行 (世界银行)
ICBInternational Competitive Bidding 国际竞争性招标
IDAInternational Development Association 国际开发协会
LIBLimited International Bidding 有限国际招标
NCBNational Competitive Bidding 国内竞争性招标
NGONongovernmental organization非政府组织
PADProject Appraisal Document项目评估文件
SASpecial Account专用账户
SBDsStandard Bidding Documents 标准招标文件
UNUnited Nations联合国
UNDBUnited Nations Development Business联合国发展商业报
I.Introduction概述
Purpose目的
1.1 Thepurpose of these Guidelines is to inform those carrying out aproject that is financed in whole or in part by a loan from theInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) or acredit or grant from the International Development Association(IDA), ofthe policies that govern the procurement of goods, works, andservices (other than consultant services)required for the project. The Loan Agreement governs the legalrelationships between the Borrower and the Bank, and the Guidelinesare made applicable to procurement of goods and works for theproject, as provided in the agreement. The rights and obligationsof the Borrower and the providers of goods and works for theproject are governed by the bidding documents, and by thecontracts signed by the Borrower with the providers of goods andworks, and not by these Guidelines or the Loan Agreements. No partyother than the parties to the Loan Agreement shall derive anyrights therefrom or have any claim to loan proceeds.
本指南的目的在于使项目实施人员了解项目所需货物、工程和服务(非咨询服务) 的采购政策，而这些项目是全部或部分地由国际复兴开发银行(简称IBRD)贷款或国际开发协会(简称IDA) 信贷或赠款资助的。贷款协定确定了借款人和世行之间的法律关系，本指南适用于按贷款协定的规定在项目中采购货物和工程。借款人与项目所需货物和工程的提供者之间的权利与义务由招标文件确定并由借款人与货物和工程提供者之间所签订的合同规定，而不由本指南或贷款协定确定。除贷款协定的签字方外，其他任何一方都不得从贷款协定中分享任何权利或对贷款资金提出任何要求。
GeneralConsiderations一般考虑因素
1.2 Theresponsibility for the implementation of the project, and thereforefor the award and administration of contracts under the project,rests with the Borrower. The Bank, for itspart, is required by its Articles of Agreement to “ensure that theproceeds of any loan are used only for the purposes for which theloan was granted, with due attention to considerations of economyand efficiency and without regard to political or othernon-economic influences or considerations,” and it hasestablished detailed procedures for this purpose. While in practicethe specific procurement rules and procedures to be followed in theimplementation of a project depend on the circumstances of theparticular case, four considerations generally guide the Bank’srequirements:
借款人 负责项目的实施，因此也就相应地负责授予和管理项目中的合同。世行的协定要求它“……确保任何一笔贷款资金只能用于提供该贷款的既定目的上，并充分注意资金的经济性与效率性，而不应涉及政治的或其他非经济因素的影响或考虑”。世行为此制定了详细的程序。尽管实际上项目实施所遵循的具体采购规则和程序取决于项目的具体情况，但世行对采购的要求一般是出于以下四个方面的考虑：
(a) theneed for economy and efficiency in the implementation of theproject, including the procurement of the goods and worksinvolved;
项目的实施需要经济性和效率性，包括所需货物和工程的采购；
(b) theBank’s interest in giving all eligible bidders from developed anddeveloping countries thesame information and equal opportunity to compete in providinggoods and works financed by the Bank;
世行关注向所有来自发达国家和发展中国家 的合格投标人提供同样的信息和平等的机会，为世行资助的货物和工程而进行竞争；
(c) theBank’s interest in encouraging the development of domesticcontracting and manufacturing industries in the borrowing country;and
世行关注促进借款国的承包业和制造业的发展；
(d) theimportance of transparency in the procurement process.
采购过程透明性的重要性。
1.3 Opencompetition is the basis for efficient public procurement.Borrowers shall select the most appropriate method for the specificprocurement. In most cases, International Competitive Bidding(ICB), properly administered, and with the allowance forpreferences for domestically manufactured goods and, whereappropriate, for domestic contractors for works underprescribed conditions is the most appropriate method. In mostcases, therefore, the Bank requires its Borrowers to obtain goods,works and services through ICB open to eligible suppliers andcontractors. Section II of theseGuidelines describes the procedures for ICB.
公开竞争是有效公共采购的基础。借款人应为具体采购选择最合适的方式。在多数情况下，管理得当、按照事先确定的条件向国内制造的货物以及适当时向国内工程承包商提供优惠的国际竞争性招标(简称ICB)是最合适的采购方式。因此，在多数情况下，世行要求借款人通过向合格的供货商和承包商公开的国际竞争性招标来获得货物、工程和服务。本指南第二章阐述了国际竞争性招标的程序。
1.4Where ICB is not the most appropriate method of procurement, othermethods of procurement may be used. Section III describes theseother methods of procurement and the circumstances under whichtheir application would be more appropriate. The particular methodsthat may be followed for procurement under a given project areprovided for in the Loan Agreement. The specific contracts to befinanced under the project, and their method of procurement,consistent with the Loan Agreement, are specified in theProcurement Plan as indicated in paragraph 1.16 of theseGuidelines.
在国际竞争性招标不是最合适采购方式的情况下，可采用其他采购方式。本指南第三章描述了其他采购方式以及最适合采用这些方式的情况。贷款协定规定了具体项目的采购方式。项目中的具体合同及其与贷款协定的规定相一致的采购方式，由本指南第1.16段中提及的采购计划确定。
Applicability of Guidelines指南的适用性
1.5 Theprocedures outlined in these Guidelines apply to all contracts forgoods and works financed in whole or in part from Bankloans. Forthe procurement of those contracts for goods and works not financedfrom a Bank loan, the Borrower may adopt other procedures. In suchcases the Bank shall be satisfied that the procedures to be usedwill fulfill the Borrower’s obligations to cause the project to becarried out diligently and efficiently, and that the goods andworks to be procured:
本指南所概述的程序适用于全部或部分由世行贷款 资助的所有货物和工程合同。对于不由世行贷款资助的货物和工程合同的采购，借款人可采用其他采购程序。在这种情况下，借款人应使世行相信其所采用的程序有助于借款人履行其义务，从而使项目得以认真而有效地实施，并使世行相信其所采购的货物和工程：
(a) areof satisfactory quality and are compatible with the balance of theproject;
在质量上符合要求，并能与项目的其他部分配套；
(b) willbe delivered or completed in timely fashion; and能及时交货或完工；以及
(c) arepriced so as not to affect adversely the economic and financialviability of the project.
价格不会对项目的经济性和财务的可行性造成不利影响。
Eligibility合格性
1.6 Tofoster competition the Bank permits firms and individuals from allcountries to offer goods, works, and services for Bank-financedprojects. Any conditions for participation shall be limited tothose that are essential to ensure the firm’s capability to fulfillthe contract in question .
为了鼓励竞争，世行允许所有国家的公司和个人为世行贷款项目提供货物、工程和服务。任何有关参与的条件仅限于那些保证公司有能力履行合同的基本条件。
1.7 Inconnection with any contract to be financed in whole or in partfrom a Bank loan, the Bank does not permit a Borrower to deny pre-or post-qualification to a firm for reasons unrelated to itscapability and resources to successfully perform the contract; nordoes it permit a Borrower to disqualify any bidder for suchreasons. Consequently, Borrowers should carry out due diligence onthe technical and financial qualifications of bidders to be assuredof their capabilities in relation to the specificcontract.
对于任何全部或部分由世行贷款资助的合同，世行不允许借款人以任何与成功履行合同的能力和资源无关的理由拒绝对公司进行资格预审或资格后审，也不允许借款人以这类理由判定任何投标人无资格投标。因此，借款人应该谨慎地审查投标人的技术和财务资格，保证其具有履行该合同的能力。
1.8 Asexceptions to the foregoing: 对上述例外的有：
(a)Firms of a country or goods manufactured in a country may beexcluded if, (i) as a matter of law or official regulation, theBorrower’s country prohibits commercial relations with thatcountry, provided that the Bank is satisfied that such exclusiondoes not preclude effective competition for the supply of goods orworks required, or (ii) by an act of compliance with a decision ofthe United Nations Security Council taken under Chapter VII of theCharter of the United Nations, the Borrower’s country prohibits anyimport of goods from, or payments to, a particular country, person,or entity. Where the Borrower’s country prohibits payments to aparticular firm or for particular goods by such an act ofcompliance, that firm may be excluded.
一个国家的公司或在一个国家制造的货物，如果属于下列情况，则可以被排除在外：(i)根据法律或官方规定，借款国禁止与该国有商业往来，但前提是要使世行满意地认为该排除不会妨碍在采购所需货物或工程时的有效竞争；(ii)为响应联合国安理会根据联合国宪章第七章做出的决议，借款国禁止从该国进口任何货物或对该国的个人或实体进行任何付款。如果为响应该项决议，借款国禁止对某一家公司付款或对某种货物付款，那么该公司也可以排除在外。
(b) Afirm which has been engaged by the Borrower to provide consultingservices for the preparation or implementation of a project, andany of its affiliates, shall be disqualified from subsequentlyproviding goods, works, or services resulting from or directlyrelated to the firm’s consulting services for such preparation orimplementation. This provision does not apply to the various firms(consultants, contractors, or suppliers) which together areperforming the contractor’s obligations under a turnkey or designand build contract.
凡是由借款人聘请为项目的准备或实施提供咨询服务的公司及其任何附属机构，均无资格随后为同一项目提供与该公司为准备或实施该项目所提供的咨询服务有关的或直接为该项咨询服务提供相关的货物、工程或咨询服务。本规定不适用于在交钥匙合同或设计和施工合同项下共同履行承包商义务的各种公司(咨询公司、承包商或供货商) 。
(c)Government-owned enterprises in the Borrower’s country mayparticipate only if they can establish that they (i) are legallyand financially autonomous, (ii) operate under commercial law, and(iii) are not dependent agencies of the Borrower orSub-Borrower.
借款国政府所拥有的企业只有在符合下列条件时才能参加投标：(i)这些企业在法律上和财务上是独立的，(ii)按照商业法则运作，(iii)独立于借款人或子借款人。
(d) Afirm declared ineligible by the Bank in accordance withsubparagraph (d) of paragraph 1.14 of these Guidelines or inaccordance with the World Bank Group Anti-Corruptionpoliciesshall be ineligible to be awarded a Bank-financed contract duringthe period of time determined by the Bank.
根据本指南1.14段(d)款或世界银行集团反腐败政策的规定宣布为不合格公司的，在世行确定的期限内不得被授予世行资助的合同。
AdvanceContracting and Retroactive Financing提前签订合同与追溯贷款
1.9 TheBorrower may wish to proceed with the initial steps of procurementbefore signing the related Bank loan. In such cases, theprocurement procedures, including advertising, shall be inaccordance with the Guidelines in order for the eventual contractsto be eligible for Bank financing, and the Bank shall review theprocess used by the Borrower. A Borrower undertakes such advancecontracting at its own risk, and any concurrence by the Bank withthe procedures, documentation, or proposal for award does notcommit the Bank to make a loan for the project in question. If thecontract is signed, reimbursement by the Bank of any payments madeby the Borrower under the contract prior to loan signing isreferred to as retroactive financing and is only permitted withinthe limits specified in the Loan Agreement.
借款人可能希望在相关的世行贷款协定签订前就进行初期的采购活动。这时使用的采购程序，包括刊登广告，应符合本指南的规定，以便使最终签订的合同能为世行所资助，并且世行应对借款人所使用的程序进行审查。从事该提前签订合同活动的借款人自己承担有关风险，而且世行对程序、文件或授标建议做出的任何同意并不意味着世行承诺对该项目提供贷款。如果合同已经签订，世行偿还支付的任何在贷款协定签字前由借款人按合同规定支付的款项，称为追溯贷款，并且只能在贷款协定规定的限额内提供。
JointVentures联营体
1.10 Anyfirm may bid independently or in joint venture confirming joint andseveral liability, either with domestic firms and/or with foreignfirms, but the Bank does not accept conditions of bidding whichrequire mandatory joint ventures or other forms of mandatoryassociation between firms.
任何公司可以独立地投标，或者与国内和/或国外公司组成联营体投标，共同地和分别地承担责任。但世行不接受作为一种投标条件，强制性地要求以联营体或其他的公司间联合体的形式进行投标。
BankReview世行审查
1.11 TheBank reviews the Borrower’s procurement procedures, documents, bidevaluations, award recommendations, and contracts to ensure thatthe procurement process is carried out in accordance with theagreed procedures. These review procedures are described inAppendix 1. The Procurement Plan approved by the Bank shall specify theextent to which these review procedures shall apply in respect ofthe different categories of goods and works to be financed, inwhole or in part, from the Bank loan.
世行审查借款人的采购程序、文件、评标、授标建议以及合同，以确保采购过程是按照双方同意的程序进行的。对这些审查程序的描述见附录一。世行批准的采购计划应规定这些审查程序对全部或部分由世行贷款资助的货物和工程的不同类别的适用程度。
Misprocurement错误采购
1.12 TheBank does not finance expenditures for goods and works which havenot been procured in accordance with the agreed provisions in theLoan Agreement and as further elaborated in the ProcurementPlan. Insuch cases, the Bank will declare misprocurement, and it is thepolicy of the Bank to cancel that portion of the loan allocated tothe goods and works that have been misprocured. The Bank may, inaddition, exercise other remedies provided for under the LoanAgreement. Even once the contract is awarded after obtaining a “noobjection” from the Bank, the Bank may still declare misprocurementif it concludes that the “no objection” was issued on the basis ofincomplete, inaccurate, or misleading information furnished by theBorrower or the terms and conditions of the contract had beenmodified without Bank’s approval.
世行不支付未按贷款协定中所同意的条款以及在采购计划 中进一步明确的程序所采购的货物和工程所发生的费用。在这种情况下，世行将宣布其为错误采购，而且世行的政策要求注销分配给发生错误采购的货物和工程的贷款额。此外，世行还可能采取贷款协定中规定的其他补救措施。即使合同已经获得世行的“不反对”意见并已签订，如果“不反对”意见是在借款人提供不完整、不准确和误导性信息情况下做出的，或者合同的条款和条件未经世行批准而被修改，世行仍可以宣布其为错误采购。
Referencesto Bank对世行的提法
1.13 Ifthe Borrower wishes to refer to the Bank in procurement documents,the following language shall be used:
“(name of Borrower) hasreceived (or in appropriate cases ‘has applied for’) a [loan] fromthe [International Bank for Reconstruction and Development] (the“Bank”) in an amount equivalent to USDtoward the cost of (name ofproject), and intends to apply a portion of the proceeds of this[loan] to eligible payments under this contract. Payment by theBank will be made only at the request of (name of Borrower ordesignate) and upon approval by the Bank, and will be subject, inall respects, to the terms and conditions of the [Loan] Agreement.The [Loan] Agreement prohibits a withdrawal from the [Loan] Accountfor the purpose of any payment to persons or entities, or for anyimport of goods, if such payment or import, to the knowledge of theBank, is prohibited by a decision of the United Nations SecurityCouncil taken under Chapter VII of the Charter of the UnitedNations . No party other than (name of Borrower) shall derive anyrights from the Loan Agreement or have any claim to the proceeds ofthe [loan].”
如果借款人希望在采购文件中提到世行，应使用以下措词：
“(借款人名称)已从国际复兴开发银行(以下简称世行)获得(或在有些情况下‘已向国际复兴开发银行申请’)一笔相当于美元的[贷款]用于支付(项目名称)的费用，并计划将部分[贷款]资金用于本合同项下的合格支出。只有(借款人名称或指定的名称)提出申请，经世行批准，并且各方面都符合[贷款]协定的条款和条件，世行才会付款。[贷款]协定禁止从[贷款]帐户中提款用于对某些个人或实体，或者对任何货物进口的任何付款，而这些付款或进口，就世行所知是联合国安理会根据联合国宪章第七章做出的决议所禁止的。除(借款人名称)之外，任何一方都不得从贷款协定中取得任何权利或对[贷款]资金提出任何要求。”
Fraud andCorruption欺诈和腐败
1.14 It isthe Bank’s policy to require that Borrowers (includingbeneficiaries of Bank loans), as well as bidders, suppliers, andcontractors and their subcontractors under Bank-financed contracts,observe the highest standard of ethics during the procurement andexecution of such contracts. Inpursuance of this policy, the Bank:
世行的政策是要求借款人(包括世行贷款的受益人)以及世行资助合同项下的投标人、供货商、承包商和他们的分包商在采购过程中和履行这些合同时遵守最高的道德标准。在执行这项政策时，世行将：
(a)defines, for the purposes of this provision, the terms set forthbelow as follows:
为本款的目的确定以下术语：
(i)“corrupt practice” is the offering,giving, receiving or soliciting, directly or indirectly, ofanything of value to influence improperly the actions of anotherparty;
“腐败活动” 意指直接地或间接地提供、给予、收受或要求任何有价财物来不适当地影响另一方的行为；
(ii)“fraudulent practice” is any act oromission, including a misrepresentation, that knowingly orrecklessly misleads, or attempts to mislead, a party to obtain afinancial or other benefit or to avoid an obligation;
“欺诈活动” 意指任何行为或隐瞒，包括歪曲事实，任何有意或不计后果的误导，或企图误导一方以获得财物或其他方面的利益或为了逃避一项义务；
(iii) “collusivepractice”is an arrangement between two or more parties designed to achievean improper purpose, including to influence improperly the actionsof another party;
“串通活动” 意指由双方或多方设计的一种为达到不当目的的安排， 包括不适当地影响另一方的行为；
(iv) “coercivepractice”is impairing or harming, or threatening to impair or harm, directlyor indirectly, any party or the property of the party to influenceimproperly the actions of a party;
“施加压力” 意指直接地或间接地削弱或伤害、或威胁削弱或伤害任何一方或其财产以不适当地影响该方的行为；
(v)“obstructive practice” is“妨碍行为”意指
(aa)deliberately destroying, falsifying, altering or concealing ofevidence material to the investigation or making false statementsto investigators in order to materially impede a Bank investigationinto allegations of a corrupt, fraudulent, coercive or collusivepractice; and/or threatening, harassing or intimidating any partyto prevent it from disclosing its knowledge of matters relevant tothe investigation or from pursuing the investigation, or
故意破坏、伪造、改变或隐瞒调查所需的证据材料或向调查官提供虚假材料严重妨碍世行对被指控的腐败、欺诈、施加压力或串通行为进行调查，和/或威胁、骚扰或胁迫任何一方使其不得透露与调查相关的所知信息或参与调查，或
(bb)acts intended to materially impede the exercise of the Bank’sinspection and audit rights provided for under par. 1.14 (e)below.
企图严重妨碍世行进行调查和行使根据以下1.14(e) 条款所赋予世行的审计权利的行为。
(b) willreject a proposal for award if it determines that the bidderrecommended for award has, directly or through an agent, engaged incorrupt, fraudulent, collusive, coercive or obstructive practicesin competing for the contract in question;
拒绝该授标建议，如果世行确定被推荐授予合同的投标人在为该合同进行的竞争中直接或通过代理参与了腐败、欺诈、串通、施加压力的活动或存在妨碍行为。
(c) willcancel the portion of the loan allocated to a contract if itdetermines at any time that representatives of the Borrower or of abeneficiary of the loan engaged in corrupt, fraudulent, collusive,or coercive practices during the procurement or the execution ofthat contract, without the Borrower having taken timely andappropriate action satisfactory to the Bank to address suchpractices when they occur;
注销已分配给某个合同的贷款额，如果世行在任何时候确定借款人的代表或贷款受益人的代表在采购或履行该合同的过程中从事腐败、欺诈、串通、施加压力的活动，而借款人又没有在活动发生时及时采取适当的、令世行满意的行动来消除这些活动。
(d) willsanction a firm or individual, including declaring ineligible,either indefinitely or for a stated period of time, to be awarded aBank-financed contract if it at any time determines that the firmhas, directly or through an agent, engaged in corrupt, fraudulent,collusive, coercive or obstructive practices in competing for, orin executing, a Bank-financed contract; and
处罚公司或个人，包括宣布无限期地、或在规定的期限内没有资格被授予世行资助的合同，如果世行在任何时候确定公司直接或通过某代理在竞争或在履行世行资助的合同过程中从事腐败、欺诈、串通、施加压力的活动或存在妨碍行为。
(e) willhave the right to require that a provision be included in biddingdocuments and in contracts financed by a Bank loan, a provision beincluded requiring bidders, suppliers and contractors to permit theBank to inspect their accounts and records and other documentsrelating to the bid submission and contract performance and to havethem audited by auditors appointed by the Bank.
有权要求在招标文件和世行资助的合同中包含一个条款，要求投标人、供货商和承包商允许世行检查其与投标和履行合同有关的账户、记录和其他文件，并由世行指定的审计师对其进行审计。
1.15.With the specific agreement of the Bank, a Borrower may introduce,into bid forms for large contracts financed by the Bank, anundertaking of the bidder to observe, in competing for andexecuting a contract, the country's laws against fraud andcorruption (including bribery), as listed in the biddingdocuments.The Bank will accept the introduction of such undertaking at therequest of the Borrowing country, provided the arrangementsgoverning such undertaking are satisfactory to the Bank.
经世行特别同意，借款人可以要求投标人在世行贷款资助的大额合同的投标书中承诺，在竞争及履行合同时遵从招标文件中所列的国家反腐败反欺诈(包括行贿受贿)的法律。如果世行感到满意，可按借款人的要求，接受引入这样的承诺。
Procurement Plan采购计划
1.16.Aspart of the preparation of the project the Borrower shall prepareand, before loan negotiations, furnish to the Bank for itsapproval, a Procurement Plan acceptable to theBank setting forth: (a) the particular contracts for the goods,works, and/or services required to carry out the project during theinitial period of at least 18 months; (b) the proposed methods forprocurement of such contracts that are permitted under the LoanAgreement, and (c) the related Bank review procedures . TheBorrower shall update the Procurement Plan annually or as neededthroughout the duration of the project. The Borrower shallimplement the Procurement Plan in the manner in which it has beenapproved by the Bank.
作为项目准备工作的一部分，借款人应该编制并在贷款谈判前向世行提交采购计划 供世行批准。世行能接受的采购计划包括：(a)至少在项目开始的18个月内为实施项目所需要货物、工程和/或服务的合同；(b)所建议的这些合同的采购方法，而这些采购方法是贷款协定所允许的；(c)与之有关的世行审查程序。在项目实施期间，借款人应该每年或在需要时更新采购计划。借款人应按世行批准的采购计划进行实施。
II.International Competitive Bidding国际竞争性招标
A.General总则
Introduction概述
2.1 Theobjective of International Competitive Bidding (ICB), as describedin these Guidelines, is to provide all eligible prospectivebidderswith timely and adequate notification of a Borrower’s requirementsand an equal opportunity to bid for the required goods andworks.
正如本指南所述，国际竞争性招标(简称ICB)的目的在于将借款人的要求及时地、充分地通知给所有合格的、潜在的投标人，并为他们提供对所需货物和工程进行投标的平等机会。
Type andSize of Contracts合同的类型和规模
2.2 Thebidding documents shall clearly state the type of contract to beentered into and contain the proposed contract provisionsappropriate therefor. The most common types of contracts providefor payments on the basis of a lump sum, unit prices, reimbursablecost plus fees, or combinations thereof. Reimbursable costcontracts are acceptable to the Bank only in exceptionalcircumstances such as conditions of high risk or where costs cannotbe determined in advance with sufficient accuracy. Such contractsshall include appropriate incentives to limit costs.
招标文件应该明确说明将要签订的合同的类型，并包括与之相适应的所建议的合同条款。最常见的合同类型所采用的付款方式以总价、单价、可报销费用加酬金为基础或这些方式的结合。可报销费用合同只在特例情况下才能被世行接受，例如高风险条件或成本无法事先准确确定。这类合同应包括适当的激励条款以控制成本。
2.3 Thesize and scope of individual contracts will depend on themagnitude, nature, and location of the project. For projectsrequiring a variety of goods and works, separate contractsgenerally are awarded for the supply and/or installation ofdifferent items of equipment and plant and for theworks.
单个合同的规模和范围取决于项目的大小、性质和地点。对于需要多种不同货物和工程的项目，通常是为不同的设备和设施的供货和/或安装以及工程分别签订不同的合同。
2.4 Fora project requiring similar but separate items of equipment orworks, bids may be invited under alternative contract options thatwould attract the interest of both small and large firms, whichcould be allowed, at their option, to bid for individual contracts(slices) or for a group of similar contracts (package). All bidsand combinations of bids shall be received by the same deadline andopened and evaluated simultaneously so as to determine the bid orcombination of bids offering the lowest evaluated cost to theBorrower.
如果一个项目需要类似的但又是独立分开的设备或工程，邀请投标时可提供几种可供选择的合同方案，从而使大、小公司均有投标兴趣。可以允许它们根据自己的选择对单个的合同(品目)进行投标或对一组类似的合同(包)进行投标。所有单项投标和组合投标应在同一投标截止期前收到，并同时开标和评标以确定对借款人提供最低评估标成本的单项投标或组合投标。
2.5 Incertain cases the Bank may accept or require a turnkey contractunder which the design and engineering, the supply and installationof equipment, and the construction of a complete facility or worksare provided under one contract. Alternatively, the Borrower mayremain responsible for the design and engineering, and invite bidsfor a single responsibility contract for the supply andinstallation of all goods and works required for the projectcomponent. Design and build, and management contracting contracts are alsoacceptable where appropriate.
在有些情况下，世行可接受或要求采用交钥匙合同，即把技术设计和施工图设计、设备的供货和安装以及建造一个完整的工厂或工程，都包括在一个合同之内。另一种选择是，借款人仍可对技术设计和施工图设计负责，但对包括项目组成部分所需的全部货物和工程在内的供应和安装的单一责任制合同邀请投标。设计和施工以及管理承包合同在适当情况下也是可以接受的 。
Two-StageBidding两步法招标
2.6 Inthe case of turnkey contracts or contracts for large complexfacilities or works of a special nature or complex information andcommunication technology, it may be undesirable or impractical toprepare complete technical specifications in advance. In such acase, a two-stage bidding procedure may be used, under which firstunpriced technical proposals on the basis of a conceptual design orperformance specifications are invited, subject to technical aswell as commercial clarifications and adjustments, to be followedby amended bidding documents and the submission offinal technical proposals and priced bids in the secondstage.
对交钥匙合同或大型复杂的设施或特殊性质的工程，或复杂的信息和通讯技术，事先准备好完整的技术规格是不符合需要或不现实的。在这种情况下，可采用两步法招标程序，即首先邀请提交根据概念设计或性能规格编制的不带报价的技术建议书。第二步，在对技术和商务进行澄清与调整的基础上，对招标文件做出修改并邀请提交最终的技术建议书和带报价的投标书。
Notification and Advertising通知和广告
2.7Timely notification of bidding opportunities is essential incompetitive bidding. For projects that include ICB the Borrower isrequired to prepare and submit to the Bank a draft GeneralProcurement Notice. The Bank will arrange for its publication in UNDevelopment Business online (UNDB online) and in the DevelopmentGateway’sdgMarket).The Notice shall contain information concerning the Borrower (orprospective Borrower), amount and purpose of the loan, scope ofprocurement under ICB, and the name, telephone (or fax) number, andaddress of the Borrower’s agency responsible for procurement andthe address of the Website where specific procurement notices willbe posted. If known, the scheduled date for availability ofprequalification or bidding documents should be indicated. Therelated prequalification or bidding documents, as the case may be,shall not be released to the public earlier than the date ofpublication of the General Procurement Notice.
在竞争性招标中，及时通告投标机会是很重要的。对于那些包含国际竞争性招标(ICB)的项目，借款人应准备并向世行提交一份总采购通告草稿，世行将安排该通告在线刊登在联合国发展商业报(UNDB online)和发展门户网(dgMarket)上。通告的信息应包括：借款人(或预期的借款人)、贷款金额和用途、国际竞争性招标(ICB)采购的范围以及借款人方面负责采购的机构名称、电话(或传真)号码和地址以及刊登具体采购通告的网址。如果已知，还应注明可得到资格预审文件或招标文件的预计日期。根据具体情况所确定的资格预审文件或招标文件不得早于刊登总采购通告之日发放。
2.8Invitations to prequalify or to bid, as the case may be, shall beadvertised as Specific Procurement Notices in at least onenewspaper of national circulation in the Borrower’s country (or inthe official gazette, or in an electronic portal with free access).Such invitations shall also be published in UNDB online and indgMarket. Notification shall be given in sufficient time to enableprospective bidders to obtain prequalification or bidding documentsand prepare and submit their responses.
作为具体采购通告的资格预审邀请或投标邀请(视具体情况而定)应至少刊登在借款国国内全国发行的一份报纸上(或刊登在官方公报上，或可以免费进入的电子门户网站上)。该类邀请还应在线刊登在联合国发展商业报和发展门户网上。通告应留出足够的时间使潜在的投标人能够获得资格预审文件或招标文件并准备和提交反馈意见。
Prequalification of Bidders对投标人的资格预审
2.9Prequalification is usually necessary for large or complex works,or in any other circumstances in which the high costs of preparingdetailed bids could discourage competition, such as custom-designedequipment, industrial plant, specialized services, some complexinformation and technology and contracts to be let under turnkey,design and build, or management contracting. This also ensures thatinvitations to bid are extended only to those who have adequatecapabilities and resources. Prequalification shall be basedentirely upon the capability and resources of prospective biddersto perform the particular contract satisfactorily, taking intoaccount their (a) experience and past performance on similarcontracts, (b) capabilities with respect to personnel, equipment,and construction or manufacturing facilities, and (c) financialposition.
对于大型或复杂的工程，或准备详细投标文件的高成本可能会妨碍竞争的情况下，诸如为用户专门设计的设备、工业成套设备、专业化服务、某些复杂的信息和技术以及交钥匙合同、设计和建造合同，或管理承包合同等，资格预审通常是必要的。这还保证了招标邀请只发给那些有足够能力和资源的投标人。资格预审应完全以潜在投标人具有令人满意地履行具体合同所需要的能力和资源为基础，应考虑它们的：(a)经验和过去履行类似合同的情况；(b)人员、设备、施工或制造设施方面的能力；及(c)财务状况。
2.10 Theinvitation to prequalify for bidding on specific contracts orgroups of similar contracts shall be advertised and notified asdescribed in paragraphs 2.7 and 2.8 above. The scope of thecontract and a clear statement of the requirements forqualification shall be sent to those who responded to theinvitation. All such applicants that meet the specified criteriashall be allowed to bid. Borrowers shall inform all applicants ofthe results of prequalification. As soon as prequalification iscompleted, the bidding documents shall be made available to thequalified prospective bidders. For prequalification for groups ofcontracts to be awarded over a period of time, a limit for thenumber or total value of awards to any one bidder may be made onthe basis of the bidder’s resources. The list of prequalified firmsin such instances shall be updated periodically. Verification ofthe information provided in the submission for prequalificationshall be confirmed at the time of award of contract, and award maybe denied to a bidder that is judged to no longer have thecapability or resources to successfully perform thecontract.
邀请对具体合同或几组类似合同的投标进行资格预审，应该按照上述第2.7段和第2.8段的规定刊登广告和进行通知。合同的范围和对资格要求的明确规定应发给那些对邀请通告做出反应的投标人。所有达到规定标准的申请者均应准许参加投标。借款人应将资格预审的结果通知所有申请者。资格预审一经完成，招标文件就应提供给通过资格预审的潜在投标人。对在一段时间内要授予的几组合同的资格预审，可根据投标人的资源情况对授予任一投标人的合同数量或总金额确定一个限额。在这种情况下，应定期对通过资格预审的公司名单进行更新。在授予合同时应对资格预审时提交的信息再加以核实，予以确认。如判定某投标人不再具有满意履行合同的能力或资源时，可拒绝向其授予合同。
B. BiddingDocuments招标文件
General总则
2.11 Thebidding documents shall furnish all information necessary for aprospective bidder to prepare a bid for the goods and works to beprovided. While the detail and complexity of these documents mayvary with the size and nature of the proposed bid package andcontract, they generally include: invitation to bid; instructionsto bidders; form of bid; form of contract; conditions of contract,both general and special; specifications and drawings; relevanttechnical data (including of geological and environmental nature);list of goods or bill of quantities; delivery time or schedule ofcompletion; and necessary appendices, such as formats for varioussecurities. The basis for bid evaluation and selection of thelowest evaluated bid shall be clearly outlined in the instructionsto bidders and/or the specifications. If a fee is charged for thebidding documents, it shall be reasonable and reflect only the costof their printing and delivery to prospective bidders, and shallnot be so high as to discourage qualified bidders. The Borrower mayuse an electronic system to distribute bidding documents, providedthat the Bank is satisfied with the adequacy of such system. Ifbidding documents are distributed electronically, the electronicsystem shall be secure to avoid modifications to the biddingdocuments and shall not restrict the access of Bidders to thebidding documents. Guidance on critical components of the biddingdocuments are given in the following paragraphs.
招标文件应向潜在投标人提供他们在准备有关货物和工程投标文件时所必需的所有信息。虽然招标文件的详细程度和复杂程度将随投标包和合同的大小和性质不同而有所不同，但它们一般都应包括：投标邀请、投标人须知、投标书格式、合同格式、合同条款，包括通用条款和专用条款、技术规格和图纸、有关的技术参数(包括地质和环境资料)、货物清单或工程量清单、交货时间或完工时间表、必要的附件，比如各种保证金的格式。评标和选择最低评标价投标的基础应该在投标人须知和/或技术规格中明确说明。如对招标文件收取费用，则费用应当合理，应只反应它们的印刷和递交给潜在投标人的成本，并且收费不能过高，以免影响合格投标人的投标积极性。借款人可以使用电子系统发布招标文件，但前提是世行要对借款人的电子系统的适当性满意。如果招标文件通过电子系统发布，那么，该电子系统应有安全保障措施，以避免对招标文件进行修改，并且不应限制投标人进入该系统获得招标文件。招标文件的关键组成部分将在下面几段中给予说明。
2.12Borrowers shall use the appropriate Standard Bidding Documents(SBDs) issued by the Bank with minimum changes, acceptable to theBank, as necessary to address project-specific conditions. Any suchchanges shall be introduced only through bid or contract datasheets, or through special conditions of contract, and not byintroducing changes in the standard wording of the Bank’s SBDs.Where no relevant standard bidding documents have been issued, theBorrower shall use other internationally recognized standardconditions of contract and contract forms acceptable to theBank.
借款人应使用世行发布的适当的标准招标文件(简称SBD)。世行可接受为适应项目具体情况而做的、必要的最小改动。任何此类改动只能放在投标资料表或合同资料表中，或放在合同专用条款中，而不得对世行标准招标文件(SBD)中的标准文字进行修改。如果世行还没有发布相关的标准招标文件(SBD)，那么，借款人应使用世行可接受的其他在国际上公认的标准合同条件和合同格式。
Validityof Bids and Bid Security投标有效性和投标保证金
2.13Bidders shall be required to submit bids valid for a periodspecified in the bidding documents which shall be sufficient toenable the Borrower to complete the comparison and evaluation ofbids, review the recommendation of award with the Bank (if requiredin the Procurement Plan), and obtain all the necessary approvals sothat the contract can be awarded within that period.
投标人应按要求在招标文件规定的期限内提交有效的投标书，以使借款人有充足的时间完成对投标的比较和评价、同世行一起审查授标建议(如果采购计划要求的话)，并获得一切必要的批准以便能在该期限内授予合同。
2.14Borrowers have the option of requiring a bid security. When used,the bid security shall be in the amount and form specified in thebidding documents and shall remainvalid for a period of four weeks beyond the validity period for thebids, in order to provide reasonable time for the Borrower to actif the security is to be called. Bid security shall be released tounsuccessful bidders once the contract has been signed with thewinning bidder. In place of a bid security, the Borrower mayrequire bidders to sign a declaration accepting that if theywithdraw or modify their bids during the period of validity or theyare awarded the contract and they fail to sign the contract or tosubmit a performance security before the deadline defined in thebidding documents, the bidder will be suspended for a period oftime from being eligible for bidding in any contract with theBorrower.
借款人可以选择是否要求投标人提交投标保证金。如果要求提交投标保证金，投标保证金应该按照招标文件中规定的金额和格式提交。投标保证金应在投标有效期期满后的4周内保持有效，以使借款人在需要索取保证金时，有合理的时间采取行动。在与中标的投标人签订合同之后，应及时退还未中标的投标人的投标保证金。如果不要求提交投标保证金，借款人可以要求投标人签署一项声明，声明如果在投标有效期内撤回或修改其投标书，或者在授予合同之后不能签订合同，或不能在招标文件规定的截止日期前提交履约保证金，该投标人的投标资格将被暂停一段时间，从而不得参与借款人有关的任何合同的投标。
Language语言
2.15Prequalification and bidding documents and the bids shall beprepared in one of the following languages, selected by theBorrower: English, French, or Spanish. The contract signed with thewinning bidder shall be written in the language so selected for thebidding documents, and this language shall be the one that governsthe contractual relations between the Borrower and the winningbidder. In addition to being prepared in English, French, orSpanish, the prequalification and bidding documents may, at theBorrower’s option, also be prepared in the national language of theBorrower’s country (or the language used nation-wide in theborrower’s country for commercial transactions). If theprequalification and bidding documents are prepared in twolanguages, bidders shall be permitted to submit their bids ineither of these two languages. In such case, the contract signedwith the winning bidder shall be written in the language in whichits bid was submitted, in which case this language shall be the onethat governs the contractual relations between the Borrower and thewinning bidder. If the contract is signed in a language other thanEnglish, French, or Spanish, and the contract is subject to Bank’sprior review, the Borrower shall provide the Bank with atranslation of the contract in the internationally used language inwhich the bidding documents were prepared. Bidders shall not berequired nor permitted to sign contracts in twolanguages.
资格预审文件和招标文件以及投标书的编写应使用借款人选择的下述三种语言中的一种：英语、法语或西班牙语。与中标的投标人所签订的合同，应使用招标文件所使用的语言。该语言应作为主导借款人和中标的投标人之间的合同关系的语言。除了使用英语、法语或西班牙语外，借款人还可以选择采用本国语言(或者借款国全国性商业活动所采用的语言) 编写资格预审文件和招标文件。如果资格预审文件和招标文件采用两种语言编写，应允许投标人使用其中的一种语言提交他们的投标书。这时，与中标的投标人之间的合同应该使用该投标书的语言签订。该语言还应作为主导借款人和中标的投标人之间合同关系的语言。如果使用英语、法语或西班牙语之外的语言签订合同，而且该合同需要世行事前审查，借款人应该使用编写招标文件时所使用的国际通用语言翻译该合同文件，并提交给世行审查。不应该要求或允许投标人使用两种语言签订合同。
Clarity ofBidding Documents招标文件的澄清
2.16Bidding documents shall be so worded as to permit and encourageinternational competition and shall set forth clearly and preciselythe work to be carried out, the location of the work, the goods tobe supplied, the place of delivery or installation, the schedulefor delivery or completion, minimum performance requirements, andthe warranty and maintenance requirements, as well as any otherpertinent terms and conditions. In addition, the bidding documents,where appropriate, shall define the tests, standards, and methodsthat will be employed to judge the conformity of equipment asdelivered, or works as performed, with the specifications. Drawingsshall be consistent with the text of the specifications, and anorder of precedence between the two shall be specified.
招标文件的措词应允许和鼓励国际竞争，并且应清楚准确地阐述需要开展的工作、工作的地点、需要提供的货物、交货或安装的地点、交货或完工的时间表、最低性能要求、质量保证和维修要求以及其他任何有关的条款和条件。另外，在适当的情况下，招标文件还应规定用于判定所提交的货物或所完成的工程是否和技术规格相一致所需的检验、标准和方法。图纸应与技术规格的文字内容相一致，并应规定两者之间的优先顺序。
2.17 Thebidding documents shall specify any factors, in addition to price,which will be taken into account in evaluating bids, and how suchfactors will be quantified or otherwise evaluated. If bids based onalternative designs, materials, completion schedules, paymentterms, etc., are permitted, conditions for their acceptability andthe method of their evaluation shall be expresslystated.
除价格因素外，招标文件应规定评标时将考虑的全部评标因素以及如何将这些因素量化或进行评价。如果允许采用替代的设计方案、材料、完成时间和付款条件等进行投标，那么，应对接受它们的条件和对它们进行评价的方法做出明确的说明。
2.18 Allprospective bidders shall be provided the same information, andshall be assured of equal opportunities to obtain additionalinformation on a timely basis. Borrowers shall provide reasonableaccess to project sites for visits by prospective bidders. Forworks or complex supply contracts, particularly for those requiringrefurbishing existing works or equipment, a pre-bid conference maybe arranged whereby potential bidders may meet with the Borrowerrepresentatives to seek clarifications (in person or online).Minutes of the conference shall be provided to all prospectivebidders with a copy to the Bank (in hard copy or sentelectronically). Any additional information, clarification,correction of errors, or modifications of bidding documents shallbe sent to each recipient of the original bidding documents insufficient time before the deadline for receipt of bids to enablebidders to take appropriate actions. If necessary, the deadlineshall be extended. The Bank shall receive a copy (in hard copyformat or sent electronically) and be consulted for issuing a “noobjection” when the contract is subject to prior review.
应向所有潜在的投标人提供相同的信息，并应确保他们有同等的机会及时获得额外的信息。借款人应为潜在的投标人合理地进入项目现场进行踏勘提供方便。对于工程或者复杂的供货合同，尤其是那些需要更新现有工程或设备的合同，可以安排召开标前会，使潜在的投标人可会见借款人的代表(面对面或在网上)以寻求澄清。标前会的纪要应送给所有潜在的投标人，并抄送世行一份(使用书面文件或电子文件的方式)。任何额外的信息、澄清、误差的纠正或对招标文件的修改都应在投标截止期前足够的时间内发送给每一个原招标文件的接受人，以便投标人能够采取适当的行动。如有必要，投标截止期应延长。对于需要世行事前审查的合同，世行应该收到上述文件的复印件(用书面文件或电子文件的形式)并经商讨获得不反对意见。
Standards标准
2.19Standards and technical specifications quoted in bidding documentsshall promote the broadest possible competition, while assuring thecritical performance or other requirements for the goods and/orworks under procurement. As far as possible, the Borrower shallspecify internationally accepted standards such as those issued bythe International Standards Organization with which the equipmentor materials or workmanship shall comply. Where such internationalstandards are unavailable or are inappropriate, national standardsmay be specified. In all cases, the bidding documents shall statethat equipment, material, or workmanship meeting other standards,which promise at least substantial equivalence, will also beaccepted.
在确保所采购货物和/或工程的关键性能或其他要求在情况下，招标文件所引用的标准和技术规格应促进最广泛的可能的竞争。借款人应尽最大可能规定国际上认可的标准，比如国际标准组织所发布的那些标准，设备或材料或工艺应该符合这些标准。如果没有这些国际标准或者这些标准不适用，那么，可以规定使用本国的标准。在任何情况下，招标文件都应说明符合其他标准的设备、材料或工艺，只要保证至少实质上相同，也是可以接受的。
Use ofBrand Names品牌的使用
2.20Specifications shall be based on relevant characteristics and/orperformance requirements. References to brand names, catalognumbers, or similar classifications shall be avoided. If it isnecessary to quote a brand name or catalog number of a particularmanufacturer to clarify an otherwise incomplete specification, thewords “or equivalent” shall be added after such reference. Thespecification shall permit the acceptance of offers for goods whichhave similar characteristics and which provide performance at leastsubstantially equivalent to those specified.
技术规格应以相关的特性和/或性能要求为依据。应避免引用品牌名称、产品目录号或类似分类。如果必须引用具体制造商的品牌或产品目录号以澄清在其他方面不完整的技术规格，那么，在该引用后面应加上“或相当于”的字样。技术规格应允许接受特征相似的和提供的性能至少与规定的指标在实质上相同的货物。
Pricing报价
2.21 Bidsfor goods shall be invited on the basis of CIP (place ofdestination) for all goods manufactured abroad, including thosepreviously imported, and EXW (ex works, exfactory, or off-the-shelf) plus cost of inland transportation andinsurance to the place of destination for goods manufactured orassembled in the country of the Borrower. Bidders shall be allowedto arrange for ocean and other transportation and related insurancefrom any eligible source. Where installation,commissioning, or other similar services are required to beperformed by the bidder, as in the case of “supply andinstallation” contracts, the bidder shall be required to quote forthese services, in addition.
货物招标应邀请对所有在境外制造的货物报运费及保险费付至(目的地)价(CIP) , 包括那些以前已经事先进口的货物，而对借款人国内制造的或组装的货物，应邀请报出厂价(EXW) (工厂交货或货架交货价)加上运至目的地的内陆运费和保险费。应允许投标人从任何合格来源安排海上运输和其他运输以及相关的保险。如果要求投标人承担安装、调试或其他类似的服务，如“供货与安装”合同，还应要求投标人对这些服务另外提出报价。
2.22 Inthe case of turnkey contracts, the bidder shall be required toquote the price of the installed plant at site, including all costsfor supply of equipment, marine and local transportation andinsurance, installation, and commissioning, as well as associatedworks and all other services included in the scope of contract suchas design, maintenance, operation, etc. Unless otherwise specifiedin the bidding documents, the turnkey price shall include allduties, taxes, and other levies.
在交钥匙合同中，应要求投标人报现场安装完毕的价格，包括设备供应、海上和内陆运输及保险、安装和调试，以及相关的土建工程和合同范围内包括的所有其他服务，如设计、维修、运营等的全部成本。除非招标文件另有规定，交钥匙价格应该包括全部关税、税收和其他税费。
2.23Bidders for works contracts shall be required to quote unit pricesor lump sum prices for the performance of the works, and suchprices shall include all duties, taxes, and other levies. Biddersshall be allowed to obtain all inputs (except for unskilled labor)from any eligible source so that they may offer their mostcompetitive bids.
应邀请工程合同的投标人报完成工程的单价或总价，且该价格应包括所有的关税、税收和其他税费。应允许投标人从任何合格的来源获得所有投入物(非熟练工人除外)，以使其能够提供最具竞争力的投标。
PriceAdjustment价格调整
2.24Bidding documents shall state either that (a) bid prices will befixed or (b) that price adjustments will be made to reflect anychanges (upwards or downwards) in major cost components of thecontract, such as labor, equipment, materials, and fuel. Priceadjustment provisions are usually not necessary in simple contractsinvolving delivery of goods or completion of works within eighteenmonths, but shall be included in contracts which extend beyondeighteen months. However, it is normal commercial practice toobtain firm prices for some types of equipment regardless of thedelivery time and, in such cases, price adjustment provisions arenot needed.
招标文件应说明(i)投标价是固定的，或者(ii)价格将进行调整以反映合同主要成本组成部分的任何变化(向上或向下)，比如劳动力、设备、材料和燃料。对于交货或完工期在18个月以内的简单合同，价格调整条款通常没有必要，但对展期后超过18个月的合同应包含该条款。但是，按照正常的商业惯例，对某些种类的设备可获得固定价格而不管交货期的长短，在这种情况下，不需要价格调整条款。
2.25Prices may be adjusted by the use of a prescribed formula (orformulae) which breaks down the total price into components thatare adjusted by price indices specified for each component or,alternatively, on the basis of documentary evidence (includingactual invoices) provided by the supplier or contractor. The use ofthe formula method of price adjustment is preferable to that ofdocumentary evidence. The method to be used, the formula (ifapplicable), and the base date for application shall be clearlydefined in the bidding documents. If the payment currency isdifferent from the source of the input and corresponding index, acorrection factor shall be applied in the formula, to avoidincorrect adjustment.
价格可采用事先规定的公式进行调整，就是把总价分解成若干部分，然后按照为每个部分规定的价格指数进行调整；或者，作为另一种选择，也可以根据供货商或承包商提供的票据证明(包括实际发票)进行调整。用公式法要比用票据法更为可取。拟采用的调价方法、公式(如果适用的话)和调价的基准日期都应在招标文件中明确规定。如果付款货币不同于投入物的来源和相应指数的来源，公式中应该采用校正系数以避免不正确的调整。
Transportation and Insurance运输和保险
2.26Bidding documents shall permit suppliers and contractors to arrangetransportation and insurance from any eligible source. Biddingdocuments shall state the types and terms of insurance to beprovided by the bidder. The indemnity payable under transportationinsurance shall be at least 110 percent of the contract amount inthe currency of the contract or in a freely convertible currency toenable prompt replacement of lost or damaged goods. For works, acontractor’s All Risk form of policy usually shall be specified.For large projects with several contractors on a site, a “wrap-up”or total project insurance arrangement may be obtained by theBorrower, in which case the Borrower shall seek competition forsuch insurance.
招标文件应允许供货商和承包商从任何合格的来源安排运输和保险。招标文件应说明投标人要提供的保险种类和条件。运输保险的赔偿应至少为合同金额的110％并以合同货币或可自由兑换货币支付，以便即时替换遗失或损坏的货物。对于工程，通常应规定承包商投保一切险。对于多个承包商在同一现场的大型项目，可以由借款人负责办理综合保险或全项目保险。在这种情况下，借款人应通过竞争取得该项保险。
2.27 As anexception, if a Borrower wishes to reserve transportation andinsurance for the import of goods to national companies or otherdesignated sources, bidders shall be asked to quote FCA (namedplace) or CPT (named place of destination) prices in addition tothe CIP (place of destination) price specified in paragraph 2.21.Selection of the lowest evaluated bid shall be on the basis of theCIP (place of destination) price, but the Borrower may sign thecontract on FCA or CPT terms and make its own arrangement fortransportation and/or insurance. Under such circumstances, thecontract shall be limited to the FCA or CPT cost. If the Borrowerdoes not wish to obtain insurance coverage in the market, evidenceshall be provided to the Bank that resources are readily availablefor prompt payment in a freely convertible currency of theindemnities required to replace lost or damaged goods.
作为例外，如果借款人希望把进口货物的运输和保险留给本国公司或其他指定来源，除了要求投标人根据第2.21段报运费及保险费付至(目的地)价(CIP)以外，还应要求报货交承运人(指定地点)价(FCA)或运费付至(指定目的地)价(CPT) 。最低评标价投标的选择应根据运费及保险费付至(目的地)价(CIP)进行，但借款人可以按照货交承运人(指定地点)价(FCA)或运费付至(指定目的地)价(CPT)的条件签订合同并自行安排运输和/或保险。在这种情况下，合同应仅限于货交承运人(指定地点)价(FCA)或运费付至(指定目的地)价(CPT)的成本。如果借款人不希望从市场上获得保险，应向世行提供证据证明已有来源可立即用可自由兑换的货币支付替换遗失或损坏货物所造成的赔偿。
CurrencyProvisions货币规定
2.28Bidding documents shall state the currency or currencies in whichbidders are to state their prices, the procedure for conversion ofprices expressed in different currencies into a single currency forthe purpose of comparing bids, and the currencies in which thecontract price will be paid. The following provisions (paragraphs2.292.33) are intended to (a) ensure that bidders have theopportunity to minimize any exchange risk with regard to thecurrency of bid and of payment, and hence may offer their bestprices; (b) give bidders in countries with weak currencies theoption to use a stronger currency and thus provide a firmer basisfor their bid price; and (c) ensure fairness and transparency inthe evaluation process.
招标文件应说明投标人用于报价的一种或几种货币、为了比较投标而将不同货币表示的报价换算成一种货币的程序以及将用以支付合同价的货币。以下规定(第2.29段－第2.33段)的目的在于：(a)保证投标人有机会使投标货币和付款货币之间的汇率风险最小化，从而可提供最好的价格；(b)给软货币国家的投标人提供使用强货币的选择，从而为其投标报价提供一个更坚实的基础；以及(c)确保评标过程的公正和透明。
Currencyof Bid投标货币
2.29Bidding documents shall state that the bidder may express the bidprice in any currency. If the bidder wishes to express the bidprice as a sum of amounts in different foreign currencies, they maydo so, provided the price includes no more than three foreigncurrencies. Furthermore, the Borrower may require bidders to statethe portion of the bid price representing local costs incurred inthe currency of the country of theBorrower.
招标文件应说明投标人可以使用任何货币报价。如果投标人希望用不同的外国货币表示报价总额，他们可以这么做，但前提是报价所用的货币不能超过三种。而且，借款人可以要求投标人说明投标价中用借款国货币表示的国内费用的比例。
2.30 Inbidding documents for works, the Borrower may require bidders tostate the bid price entirely in the local currency, along with therequirements for payments in up to three foreign currencies oftheir choice for expected inputs from outside the Borrower’scountry, expressed as a percentage of the bid price, together withthe exchange rates used in such calculations.
在工程采购的招标文件中，借款人可以要求投标人全部使用当地货币报价，并提出不超过三种由其选择的外国货币支付来自借款国以外的预计投入物，用占投标价的百分比表示，同时提供进行该计算时使用的汇率。
CurrencyConversion for Bid Comparison为比较投标进行的货币转换
2.31 Thebid price is the sum of all payments in various currencies requiredby the bidder. For the purpose of comparing prices, bid pricesshall be converted to a single currency selected by the Borrower(local currency or fully convertible foreign currency) and statedin the bidding documents. The Borrower shall make this conversionby using the selling (exchange) rates for those currencies quotedby an official source (such as the Central Bank) or by a commercialbank or by an internationally circulated newspaper for similartransactions on a date selected in advance, such source and date tobe specified in the bidding documents, provided that the date shallnot be earlier than four weeks prior to the deadline for thereceipt of bids, nor later than the original date for the expiry ofthe period of bid validity.
投标价是投标人要求的用各种货币付款的总金额。为便于价格比较，应将投标价换算成借款人选定的并在招标文件中规定的一种货币(当地货币或可完全自由兑换的外国货币)。借款人应使用事先选定的某一天的官方来源(如中央银行)或某商业银行或在国际上发行的报纸上为类似交易而公布的那些货币的卖出价(汇率)进行这种转换，这些汇率来源和日期应在招标文件中规定，条件是该日期不得早于截标日前四周，不得晚于原投标有效期期满日。
Currencyof Payment付款货币
2.32Payment of the contract price shall be made in the currency orcurrencies in which the bid price is expressed in the bid of thesuccessful bidder.
应按中标人在投标书中表示其标价的某种货币或几种货币支付合同价款。
2.33 Whenthe bid price is required to be stated in the local currency butthe bidder has requested payment in foreign currencies expressed asa percentage of the bid price, the exchange rates to be used forpurposes of payments shall be those specified by the bidder in thebid, so as to ensure that the value of the foreign currencyportions of the bid is maintained without any loss orgain.
当要求用当地货币报价，但投标人要求按投标价的一定百分比支付外币时，付款使用的汇率应为投标人在投标书中规定的汇率，以确保投标价中外币部分的价值不发生损益。
Terms andMethods of Payment付款条件和方法
2.34Payment terms shall be in accordance with the internationalcommercial practices applicable to the specific goods andworks.
付款条件应符合适用于具体货物和工程的国际商务惯例。
(a)Contracts for supply of goods shall provide for full payment on thedelivery and inspection, if so required, of the contracted goodsexcept for contracts involving installation and commissioning, inwhich case a portion of the payment may be made after the Supplierhas complied with all its obligations under the contract. The useof letters of credit is encouraged so as to assure prompt paymentto the supplier. In major contracts for equipment and plant,provision shall be made for suitable advances and, in contracts oflong duration, for progress payments during the period ofmanufacture or assembly.
供货合同应在合同货物交货和验收(如要求的话)后付清全部货款，但不包括含安装和调试的合同。对于这种包含安装和调试的合同，可保留一部分货款待供货商全部履行其合同义务后再行支付。鼓励使用信用证方式付款以保证向供货商即时付款。对较大的设备和工厂合同，应规定适当的预付款；对于执行期较长的合同，应规定在制造或装配期间根据进度付款。
(b)Contracts for works shall provide in appropriate cases formobilization advances, advances on contractor’s equipment andmaterials, regular progress payments, and reasonable retentionamounts to be released upon compliance with the Contractor’sobligations under contract.
工程合同在适当情况下应提供筹备预付款、承包商设备和材料预付款、定期进度付款以及合理的保留金，在其按照合同履行完全部义务后再行支付。
2.35 Anyadvance payment for mobilization and similar expenses, made uponsignature of a contract for goods or works, shall be related to theestimated amount of these expenses and be specified in the biddingdocuments. Amounts and timing of other advances to be made, such asfor materials delivered to the site for incorporation in the works,shall also be specified. The bidding documents shall specify thearrangements for any security required for advancepayments.
货物或工程合同签字后支付的任何筹备预付款及类似的支出应参照这些支出的估算金额，并应在招标文件中予以规定。对其他预付款的支付金额和时间，如为交运到现场用于工程的材料所作的材料预付款，也应有明确规定。招标文件应规定为预付款所做的保证金安排。
2.36Bidding documents shall specify the payment method and termsoffered, whether alternative payment methods and terms will beallowed and, if so, how the terms will affect bidevaluation.
招标文件应规定付款方法和条件，规定是否允许有替代的付款方法和条件，如果允许，这些条件将如何影响评标。
Alternative Bids备选方案投标
2.37 Thebidding documents shall clearly indicate when bidders are allowedto submit alternative bids, how alternative bids should besubmitted, how bid prices should be offered and the basis on whichalternative bids shall be evaluated.
招标文件应清楚地规定何时允许投标人报送备选方案的投标、如何提交备选方案的投标、如何报价以及如何评审备选方案。
Conditionsof Contract合同条款
2.38 Thecontract documents shall clearly define the scope of work to beperformed, the goods to be supplied, the rights and obligations ofthe Borrower and of the supplier or contractor, and the functionsand authority of the engineer, architect, or construction manager,if one is employed by the Borrower, in the supervision andadministration of the contract. In addition to the generalconditions of contract, any special conditions particular to thespecific goods or works to be procured and the location of theproject shall be included. The conditions of contract shall providea balanced allocation of risks and liabilities.
合同文件应该明确规定将要开展工作的范围、所需提供的货物、借款人和供货商或承包商的权利和义务以及如果借款人聘请了工程师、建筑师或施工经理从事合同监督和管理时，他们的职责和权力。除合同通用条款外，合同文件还应包括为将要采购的具体货物或工程及项目所在地而特别制定的合同专用条款。合同条款应该对风险和责任进行平衡分配。
Performance Security履约保证金
2.39Bidding documents for works shall require security in an amountsufficient to protect the Borrower in case of breach of contract bythe Contractor. This security shall be provided in an appropriateform and amount, as specified by the Borrower in the biddingdocument . The amount of the security may vary, depending on thetype of security furnished and on the nature and magnitude of theworks. A portion of this security shall extend sufficiently beyondthe date of completion of the works to cover the defects liabilityor maintenance period up to final acceptance by the Borrower;alternatively, contracts may provide for a percentage of eachperiodic payment to be held as retention money until finalacceptance. Contractors may be allowed to replace retention moneywith an equivalent security after provisionalacceptance.
工程的招标文件应要求履约保证金，其金额应足以抵偿借款人在承包商违约情况下所遭受的损失。该保证金应按照借款人在招标文件中规定的适当格式和金额提供。保证金的金额可根据所提供的保证金的类型和工程的性质和规模而有所不同。该保证金的一部分应展期至工程竣工日之后，以覆盖截至借款人最终验收的缺陷责任期或维修期；另一种做法是，在合同中规定从每次定期付款中扣留一定百分比作为保留金，直到最终验收为止。可允许承包商在临时验收后用等额保证金来代替保留金。
2.40 Incontracts for the supply of goods, the need for performancesecurity depends on the market conditions and commercial practicefor the particular kind of goods. Suppliers or manufacturers may berequired to provide a guarantee to protect against nonperformanceof the contract. Such security in an appropriate amount may alsocover warranty obligations or, alternatively, a percentage of thepayments may be held as retention money to cover warrantyobligations, and any installation or commissioning requirements.The security or retention money shall be reasonable inamount.
在供货合同中，是否需要履约保证金将取决于该种货物的市场情况和商业惯例。可以要求供货商或制造商提供担保以防其不履行合同。适当金额的保证金也可用来确保保证义务。另一种选择是可扣留付款的一定百分比作为保留金，以确保保证义务以及任何安装或调试要求。保证金或保留金的金额应当合理。
LiquidatedDamages and Bonus Clauses违约赔偿和奖励条款
2.41Provisions for liquidated damages or similar provisions in anappropriate amount shall be included in the conditions of contractwhen delays in the delivery of goods, completion of works orfailure of the goods or works to meet performance requirementswould result in extra cost, or loss of revenue or loss of otherbenefits to the Borrower. Provision may also be made for a bonus tobe paid to suppliers or contractors for completion of works ordelivery of goods ahead of the times specified in the contract whensuch earlier completion or delivery would be of benefit to theBorrower.
针对交货拖延、工程竣工误期、提供的货物或工程不能满足性能要求从而给借款人增加的额外成本、或收益的损失或其他效益的损失，合同条款中应包括适当金额的违约赔偿规定或类似的规定。如果供货商或承包商的交货或完工时间早于合同中规定的时间，而该提前交货或完工将给借款人带来效益的，也可规定向这些供货商或承包商支付奖金。
ForceMajeure不可抗力
2.42 Theconditions of contract shall stipulate that failure on the part ofthe parties to perform their obligations under the contract willnot be considered a default if such failure is the result of anevent of force majeure as defined in the conditions ofcontract.
合同条款中应规定，合同的一方若因出现合同条款中定义的不可抗力事件而不能履行其合同义务，不应被视作违约。
