轻松记忆初中英语动词过去式和过去分词 动词过去式和过去分词
具体点:就是分为规则动词和不规则动词两种情况来讲:
形式变化:
一.规则,过去式和过去分词都是在词末加 -ed
二.不规则,要背不规则动词表。
用法:
过去式用于“一般过去时”
过去分词要和其它成分连用。
1.have has +过去分词 (现在完成时)
2.had+过去分词(过去完成时)
3.be+过去分词(被动语态)
过去式用来表达动词的“过了”、“完了”等意思,汉语里表达动作的时间时采用的是前后加字法,即在动词的前面或后面加字,如表达做过和做完,只要在动词的后面加上“过了”、“完了”就行了,如吃过了、看过了。而英语采用的是变形法,即不加字,而是让动词本身发生变化,如eat变成ate,see变成saw,ate、saw就是表达“吃过了”、“看过”的过去式。
而“过去分词”则完全是另一回事,它的写法和过去式有时一样有时不一样(简单词多不一样,长词多一样),但用法完全不一样,它有时表达“被……”,有时表达“完成……”,不仅可以做动词,还可以做形容词
英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加ed构成,而不规则动词的变化因词而异。但如对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析,就可发现其中的“规则”。为方便同学们记忆,现将初中英语教学大纲中的69个不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词列出并规为五种类型。
一、AAA型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形):
cost cost cost cut cut cut
let let let put put put
read read read
二、ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形):
bring brought brought build built built
buy bought bought catch caught caught
dig dug dug feel felt felt
find found found get got got
have had had hear heard heard
hold held held keep kept kept
※learn learnt learnt leave left left
lend lent lent make made made
meet met met pay paid paid
say said said sell sold sold
send sent sent shine shone shone
sit sat sat sleep slept slept
※smell smelt smelt spend spent spent
stand stood stood teach taught taught
tell told told think thought thought
understand understood understood
三、ABC型(原形、过去式和过去分词各异):
be was/were been begin began begun
blow blew blown break broke broken
do did done draw drew drawn
drink drank drunk drive drove driven
eat ate eaten fall fell fallen
fly flew flown forget forgot forgotten
give gave given go went gone
grow grew grown know knew known
lie lay lain ride rode ridden
ring rang rung see saw seen
show showed shown sing sang sung
speak spoke spoken swim swam swum
take took taken throw threw thrown
wake woke woken wear wore worn
write wrote written
四、ABA型(原形与过去分词同形):
become became become come came come
五、AAB型(原形与过去式同形):
beat beat beaten
不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳 不规则动词过去式和过去分词 (极品珍藏,初三 )A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同. cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read 读音 /e/ lie---lied---lied 说谎 lay---laid---laid 放置,下蛋lay--- lain 躺下,位于,平放 eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather. She _____ her books on the table. ____ B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔 :t〕bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bought catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught 2. 动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。get----got----got sell----sold----sold tell----told----told 3. 动词原形中i为a, … sit----sat----sat spit----spat----spat 4. 动词原形中i为o, … win----won----won shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined5. 动词原形中an为oo, … stand----stood---stood understand----understood----understood 6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,… say----said----said pay----paid----paid 7. a)动词原形中的d为t,… send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent spend----spent----spent build----built----builtb ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , … smell----smelt----smelt lose----lost----lost c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, … learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant 读音/e/d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/ feel----felt----felt sleep----slept----slept sweep---swept----swept keep---- kept----- kept其它meet----met----met have----had----had hold----held----held make----made----made dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard find----found----found hang----hung ----hung C.原型与过去分词相同come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----becomeD. 原形,过去式, 和 过去分词完全不同1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词.begin ---- began -----begun drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung 2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词.blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---knownthrow ---- threw ---- thrown fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词.drive----drove----driven rise---rose---risen write---wrote---written (双写t )ride----rode----ridden (双写d ) b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词.speak----spoke----spoken steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词. wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten (双写t,加en )d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词 eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat ---- beaten fall----fell----fallen give----gave----given see----saw----seen take----took----taken mistake---- mistook----- mistaken hide----hid----hidden (双写d )E. 没有过去分词的动词can ----- could - may---- might - shall---- should- will ---- would -其它am, is ---- was----- been are-----were----- been do-----did----- done draw-----drew----- drawn/ :/ go-----went----- gone show----showed----shownwear--- wore ---- worn 不规则动词的过去式 (初二)不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点,也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下: 1. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。过去分词不变.如: become—became, come—came2.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如: begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam ,sink—sank,3.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote 4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如: get—got,forget—forgot 5.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如: keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept 6. 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如: stand—stood,understand—understood7.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如: draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed) 8.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如: break—broke,speak—spoke 9.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如: sell—sold,tell—told 10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如: bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught 11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如: can—could,shall—should,will—would 12.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如: hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕, dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕 13.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如: cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕,set—set14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如: dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shinedsmell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hide—hid,hold—held,lay—laid,leave—left,lie—lay,lose—lost,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw, smell—smelt,take—took,wake—woke,
更多阅读
初中英语教学设计和案例分析 初中物理教学案例分析
专题讲座初中英语教学设计和案例分析陈芳(北京教育学院石景山分院)一、什么是教学设计运用现代学习与教育心理学、传播学、教学媒体论等相关的理论与技术,来分析教学中的问题和需要,设计解决方法,试行解决方法、评价试行结果并在评价基
初中英语现在完成时 初中英语一般过去时
(一)现在完成时态1、现在完成时的定义:现在完成时是表示在过去发生但与现在情况有联系的动作或状态的时态。2、现在完成时的构成:现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为’ve/’s。
读《初中英语文学阅读活动课》“三维体验”模式研究---吴云开 生态体验式德育活动课
我是一名初中英语教师,在学习文章时,我们首先讲的是字词、短语、句子。文章的基本格式。然后让学生仿写。读了吴老师这篇文章后,学到很多。其中,它说道:基于“阅读促发展”理念,文学阅读活动课的设计应遵循“拓展,活动,乐趣,互动和表达”的教
初中英语一般过去时、现在完成时及过去完成时语法精讲 一般过去时现在完成时
初中英语一般过去时、现在完成时及过去完成时语法精讲 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去( past-in-the-past )”。----|-----------------------
初中英语定语从句讲解和举例练习
来源:网络资源 2010-02-22 10:05:39[标签:定语从句 英语]小学精华资讯 免费订阅在初中英语学习中,定语从句是牛津教材9B第四单元的语法内容,不会对中考产生“举足轻重”的作用。但是,弄清定语从句的结构有助于提高阅读理解能力,这一点尤其