inspire/encourage encourage sb

5.inspire/encourage

inspire 和 encourage都有“鼓励”、“激励”的意思。

inspire 在 Longman 词典里 的解释为：to encourage in (someone) the desire and ability to take effectiveaction, by filling with eagerness, confidence 。所以 inspire主要指通过自身的行为或榜样来激发别人的激情或信心，从而采取有效行动去做某事。例如 ：

　　A) Her mother inspiredher to work harder by example.

　　B) His speech inspired usto try once more.

因此，主动语态时， inspire的主语一般是某人的行为举动。

encourage 在 Longman 词典里的解释为： to make (someone) feel brave enough or confident enough to dosomething, esp. by giving active approval 。所以 encourage主要通过称赞和肯定的言语直接鼓励他人使其勇敢、自信；在主动语态中， encourage 的主语一般是人，是某人直接用言语鼓励别人。例如：

　　A) They encouraged thechildren to paint Chinese paintings.

　　B) The manager encouragedhim to air out his opinions at the meeting.

比较下列句子：

　　A) The officer inspiredthe soldier to be brave.

　　B) The officer encouragedthe soldier to be brave.

句子 A)暗含的意思是：军官用自己的英勇行为来激励战士勇敢地战斗。句子 B)暗含的意思是：军官跟战士谈心，通过赞扬和肯定的话来激励他勇敢地战斗。

这组同义词的差别可以从下面的短文 中体现出来：

　　Jane lost her eyesightafter a serious car accident at the age of fifteen. She felthopeless and helpless. No longer being able to attend a normalschool, she refused to go to the special school for the blind,feeling it was too hard to accept the fact that she was one ofthem. Jane's mother was a teacher. She read Jane Helen Keller'sstory. Jane wasinspiredbyHelen's persistence and strong-mindedness. After she went to theschool for the blind, what her blind classmates coulddoinspiredherto live a useful and meaningful life. Learning Braille was verydifficult at the beginning, but Jane'steacherencouragedherto try hard and not to giveup.Encouragedbyher friends at school for the blind, Jane started to learn to takecare of herself. Gradually she got used to living in the dark andfound that actually her ears and hands could often tell her morethan her eyes.

　　（十五岁时，珍尼碰上一次严重车祸，之后，她就什么也看不见了。当时，她觉得绝望和无助。她不能再去上正常的学校了，但她不愿意去盲人学校，觉得很难接受自己是盲人的事实。珍尼的母亲是教师，她给珍尼读海伦·凯勒的故事。海伦坚强的意志和不懈的努力鼓舞了珍尼。去了盲人学校后，她发现同学们可以做很多事情，这激励她过一个有用和有意义的生活。刚开始学习盲文很困难，但珍尼的老师鼓励她努力学好它，不要轻易放弃。在同学们的鼓励下，珍尼还开始学习如何照顾自己。她渐渐适应了盲人的生活，并且发现事实上很多时候耳朵和手比眼睛让她了解到更多的事。）

翻译词汇实战练习

用 encourage 或 inspire的适当形式填空：

1. Theyare(encouraged)toform their own opinion.

2. Hissuccess(inspired)her to greater efforts.

3. My teacheralways(encourages)me to try new ideas.

4. Donot(encourage)hislaziness by doing things for him.

5. The story of MotherTeresa(inspired)her to become a social worker.

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