爱华网【英语词汇】
random、casual、arbitrary
佳中
这组形容词都含有“随意的”、“任意的”意思。
random“胡乱的”、“随意的”；“任意的”、“随机的”。指行事没有方向、目的、意
图、方法、系统的，也就是说没有一定之规的任意或随意的行为。
1）John was not listening and made arandom answer when the teacher askedhim
the question.
约翰上课不在听，老师问他问题时，他瞎答一通。
2）He made a random choice, which he regrettedsoon
他随便作了一个选择，不久就后悔了。
3）What appears to be random behavior on the part of animalsmay have a purpose,
or form part of a pattern.
动物的一些行为看起来似乎是很随意的，其实这些行为可能是有目的，或者形成某一模
式。
4）A hypothesis is not a random guess but aguess which has some basis in fact or
logic.
一个假说并不是任意的猜测，而是有事实和逻辑依据的猜测。
5）Needless to say, if the books in a library were kept inrandom order, it
would be impossible for readers to find the books theywant.
不用说，如果图书馆的书任意摆放，读者就不可能找到他们所要的书。
6）We did the random sampling of five pieces per batch of1000.
我们在每批一千件的货品中取五件随机抽样。
● atrandom用作状语，相当于randomly。
1）Supermarkets are superior to commondepartment stores in that their goodscan
bechosen at random.
超市优于普通的百货商店，因为它们的商品是可以随意挑选的。
2）Jane picked up a magazine from the bookshelf and started readinghere and
there at random.
简从书架上拿了一本杂志，随手翻来翻去的看。
3）I ticked a few boxes before the quastions more or less at randomand sent the
questionnaire back.
我胡乱地在一些问题前面的框中打了勾，然后就把他打发走了。
4）When his wife was away, he piled the soiled dishes in the kitchenat random.
他妻子外出时，他把脏碟子乱七八糟地堆在厨房里。
casual“随意的”，“随便的”、“非正式的”。指轻松随便、漫不经心，不在意，由此可
以引申出“非正式的”。
1）A long time ago people dressed themselves well for dinner, butnow everyone
wearscasual clothes.
很久以前人们赴宴穿着都很整齐，现在穿着随便。
2）From his casual manner we can deduce that he is not muchaffected by the
failure in the examination.
从他漫不经心的样子，我们可以断定他没有受这次考试的失败太大的影响。
3）I walked up and started talking to her, trying to soundcasual.
我走上前去,开始跟她说话，尽量显得很不经意。
4）She had never expected that her casual comments on theevent would be so
widely reprinted.
她从未料到她就此事的几旬随意谈论竟会被如此广为转载。
5）Professor Johnson suspects a strong link between the rise ofinstant and
casual communication online and an increase in writingmistakes.
约翰逊教授认为，在线即时随意的交流的增加和写作错误的增加之间有很强的关联。
6）Besure to tell him not to dress up. It's a casual party, youknow.
告诉他不要穿得太正规，你知道这是个非正式的聚会。
arbitray 主要意思是“武断的”、“专横的”、“独断专行的”，指凭自己的主观意志行
事，随心所欲，可引申出“随意的”、任意的”、侧重主观的随意性。
1）A good judge always tries to be fair and does not makearbitrary decisions.
一名优秀的法官总是努力要公平，不作武断的决定。
2）The arbitrary decisions of the factory owners caused angeramong the workers.
工厂老板专横的决定引起工人的愤怒。
3）The old man became increasingly prejudiced,arbitrary, and senile.
这位老人变得越来越变成偏执和独断.
4）He's so arbitrary and tyrannical that noone wants to work for him.
他那么专横跋扈，没人愿意为他工作.
5）The selection,however, is not arbitrary; students must attain a highlevel
intheir secondary school education.
然而，这种选择不是任意的，学生必须达到高的中等教育水平。
6）We need to take effective measures against arbitrarycharges.
我们要采取有效手段制止乱收费.
7）I have no idea of what is in fashion so my choice is quitearbitrary.
我不知道现在时兴什么，我的选择是非常随意的。
