是英语语法的一种,表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
【过去式】
1、表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;
2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
(1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 ed ,
如: worked played wanted acted
(2)以不发音的 e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 d,
如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,
如:studied tried copied justified cried carried embodiedemptied
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 ed,如:
stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotteddripped
(5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went,make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came,fly-flew ,is/am-was,are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught,think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent,eat-ate,give-gave,sit-sat,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-found,hear-heard,know-knew,put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew,
时间标志:yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), lastyear(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语。
如:
I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。
When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园)。
I went to the park last week. (我是上周去的公园)
1. Be 动词的一般过去时态
在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.
构成:
肯定句:主语+was (were) +表语
如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。)
否定句:主语+was (were) +not+表语
如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)
疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+表语
如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?)
肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。)
否定回答: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。)
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语
如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的?
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:
1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。如:asked, helped, watched, stopped
2. 在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called
3. 在t / d后读作[id]。如:wanted, needed
不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:
1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—c————ut, beat—beat
2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent,spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew,know—knew, grow—grew
5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt,smell—smelt
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat,drink—drank
不规则变化动词表: