cry:为最通俗用词,指因悲伤、恐惧、绝望,甚至高兴而哭。一般多强调哭出声来。如:On the dayof mother's funeral,my father cried real tears for the firsttime.在母亲葬礼那天,父亲有生以来第一次流了泪。
weep:和cry极为接近,有时可交替使用,但weep较为正式,更强调小声地哭或无声的流泪。如:TheGranny wept again but this tim e for joy.老奶奶又哭了,但这次是高兴而流泪。
wail:意为嚎啕恸哭、痛哭,指连续大声痛哭。如:The little girl wailedevery time her mother was away without her.每当妈妈外出不带她时,这小女孩都要哭叫。
sob:指伴随着喘气、又近似叹息、抽搭着低声哭泣、抽噎、啜泣。此外,sob也可表示一边哭泣一边诉说某事,这时为及物动词。如:WhenI asked her what happened,she only sobbed,hiding her face in herhand.我问她发生了什么事,她只是用手捂着脸抽泣。
此外,sob后面可跟上heart,oneself等词,表示哭的程度或结果。如:to sob one's heartour哭得死去活来: to sob oneself to sleep哭着睡着了。
whimper:断断续续低声哭泣。用于动物时,表示发出惊恐的叫喊声。此外,whimper还可表示恐惧得要哭的样子,用颤抖的声音说话。如:Whenhe couldn't find his mother in the department store,the little boybegan to whimper in fright.当那个小男孩在百货商店里找不到妈妈时,吓得哭了起来。
sniffle:和以上几个词的区别较明显,指哭泣或感冒时抽鼻子,有时也可表示用鼻音说话或用悲哀而伪善的声调诉说。如:Icouldn't hear him clearly for he always sniffled his wordsout.由于他总是用鼻音讲话,我听不大清楚。