disease,illness,sickness的用法区别
三者都可表示“疾病”,区别如下:
一、 disease 表示“疾病”,弊病,通常指具体的“疾病”(可数)。如:
- Most diseases could be wiped out.多数疾病是可以消灭的。
- I caught the disease from you.这病我是从你那传染来的。注:有时指疾病的总称(不可数),即通称的“疾病”。如:
- Rats spread disease.老鼠传染疾病。
- Cleanliness helps preventdisease. 清洁有助于预防疾病。
- a family disease遗传病
- prevent and curediseases预防和治疗疾病
- Diseases come on horseback and goaway on foot.[谚]得病容易去病难。
- diseases ofsociety社会弊端
二、illness 和sickness常可通用,它们主要用于表示生病的时间或因病(disease)导致的不健康状态等。Sickness多指“患病;疾病,不适;恶心如”
- He can’t come because of illness.他因病不能来。
- He died after a long illness.他死之前病了很久。
- She is cheerful in spite of herillness. 她尽管有病,但还是快乐。
- He has had a bad illness, but heis better now.他得了一场大病,可是现在他好多了。
- a country sickness思乡病;noisesickness噪声(引起的)疾病;morning sickness(妇女怀孕初期的)晨吐
三、用于医学上表示各种病称时,通常用disease。如:
- contagious diseases传染病
- English disease 气管炎
- heart disease心脏病
- lung disease 肺病
- a nervous disease神经病
- a sex disease 性病
- skin disease皮肤病等等
- 注:有个别搭配也用 illness。如:
- mental illness [sickness]精神病