爱华网Deb的说明：圣经上说，真有智慧的，当在智慧的温柔上显出他的善行（雅各书3：13）。生命的意义不在于你拥有多少，也不在于你的形象如何光彩，即使你不愿承认，事实上“这世界和其上的情欲都要过去（约翰一书2：17）”。像约翰尼·阿普尔西德这样为他人活过的人，虽死犹生。因为他是用爱心和生命行善，所以他是真有智慧，通过自己的一生为他人而活，将生命积存在善里，积存在人心间，积存在民间的传说中。
How JohnnyAppleseed Grew Into a Folk Hero
约翰尼·阿普尔西德是怎样成为民间英雄的
(翻译：DeborahLiu)
By GeorgeGrow
2012-6-23
乔治·格罗
2012年6月23日
FAITH LAPIDUS: I’mFaith Lapidus.
费思·拉皮德斯：我是费思·拉皮德斯。
STEVE EMBER: And I’mSteve Ember with the VOA Special English program PEOPLE IN AMERICA.Today we tell about a man known as Johnny Appleseed. Many peopleconsidered him a hero.
斯蒂夫·艾卜：我是斯蒂夫·艾卜。这里是美国之音慢速英语《美国人物》节目。今天我们要讲的人物是约翰尼·阿普尔西德。很多人认为他是一个英雄。
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FAITH LAPIDUS: JohnnyAppleseed was the name given to John Chapman. He planted largenumbers of apple trees in what was the American wilderness twohundred years ago. Chapman grew trees and supplied apple seeds tosettlers in the middle western Great Lakes area. Two centurieslater, some of those trees still produce fruit.
费思·拉皮德斯：约翰尼·阿普尔西德原名是约翰·查普曼。二百年前，他在美国的荒地种植了大量的苹果树。查普曼种树，也向五大湖地区中西部的移民供应苹果树种。两个世纪以后，那些树中的一部分树现在还在结着果子。
As a result of stories and poemsabout Chapman’s actions, Johnny Appleseed became an American hero.However, some of the stories told about Johnny Appleseed over theyears may not have been really true.
由于故事和诗歌对查普曼事迹的推动作用，约翰尼·阿普尔西德成了美国英雄。许多年来，关于约翰尼·阿普尔西德的有些故事也许并不真实。
STEVE EMBER: John Chapman was bornin Leominster, Massachusetts, in seventeen seventy-four. Hisfather, Nathaniel Chapman, served in America’s war forindependence. He fought British troops in the battle of Concord inseventeen seventy-five.
斯蒂夫·艾卜：1774年，约翰·查普曼出生在马萨诸塞州的莱明斯特。他的父亲，纳撒尼尔·查普曼，曾在美国独立战争中服役，1775年他在康科德战役中与英军作战。
John was the second of threechildren. Little is known about his childhood. His mother Elizabethbecame sick with tuberculosis and died a short time after the birthof her third child. In seventeen eighty, Nathaniel Chapman marriedLucy Cooley of Longmeadow, Massachusetts. John and his older sistermoved to Longmeadow with their father and his new wife. This newmarriage produced ten more children.
约翰是三个孩子中的第二个。人们对他的童年生活几乎不了解。他的母亲，伊丽莎白，患上了结核病，在第三个孩子出生后不久就去世了。1780年，纳撒尼尔·查普曼与马萨诸塞州朗梅尔的露西·库尔利结婚。约翰和他的大姐随父亲和他的新妻子一起搬到了朗梅尔。这段新婚姻后来有了十个孩子。
FAITH LAPIDUS: When John Chapmanwas old enough to leave home, he asked his half-brother, Nathaniel,to come with him. They slowly traveled south and west fromMassachusetts to the state of Pennsylvania. At that time, much ofwestern Pennsylvania was undeveloped.
费思·拉皮德斯：约翰·查普曼长大到可以离开家的时候，他和他的同父异母的兄弟，纳撒尼尔，一起走了。他们从马萨诸塞州的南部向西部旅行进入了宾夕法尼亚州。当时，宾夕法尼亚州西部的很多地方尚未开发。
Government records show that Johnlived in the Allegheny Mountains in seventeen ninety-seven. He issaid to have cleared land and planted apple seeds near a waterway.In a short time, the seeds grew to become trees that producedfruit.
官方记录显示，1797年约翰住在阿勒格尼山脉地区。据说他在航道附近清理土地、播种苹果树种。很快，那些种子长成了结果子的树。
STEVE EMBER: Pennsylvania was thefirst stop in what would become a life-long effort to plant appletrees. The reason for John Chapman’s life’s work is unknown. Somepeople said he loved to watch the flowers on apple trees grow andchange into tasty fruit.
斯蒂夫艾卜：宾夕法尼亚州是他将种植苹果树作为毕生事业的第一站。我们并不清楚成为他毕生事业的具体原因。有些人说他喜爱观看苹果树上的花慢慢变成美味的果子。
Apples were an important food forthe early settlers of North America. Apples offered somethingdifferent in daily meals. They were easy to grow and store for usethroughout the year. They could be eaten raw, cooked or dried foreating during the winter. And they could be made into otherproducts, like apple butter and apple juice.
苹果对北美早期移民者来说是一种重要的食物。苹果有别于日常食物。它们容易生长，也容易储存以备常年食用。它们可以生吃、煮熟或者风干以备冬天食用。它们还可以制成其它产品，像苹果酱和苹果汁。
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FAITH LAPIDUS: After a few years,Chapman left the hills of western Pennsylvania and traveled westinto the Ohio Valley. He transported sixteen bushels of apple seedsdown the Ohio River in eighteen-oh-one. He planted apple seeds inseveral areas near a place called Licking Creek. Some of the seedswere planted on land owned by a farmer named IsaacStedden.
费思·拉皮德斯：几年后，查普曼离开了宾夕法尼亚州的西部山地，向西进入了俄亥俄山谷。1801年，他运输0.275吨苹果种子沿俄亥俄河下行。他在靠近名叫做利金溪的一个地方的几个区域里种下了苹果树种。有些种子种在了一个名叫以撒·斯坦登农场主的土地上。
Chapman was careful about where heplanted apple seeds. He did not leave them just anywhere. First, hewould find rich, fertile land in an open area. Then, he cleared theland, carefully removing unwanted plants. Then, he planted hisseeds in a straight line and built a fence around them. The fencehelped to keep the young trees safe from animals. As the treesgrew, he returned to repair the fence and care for theland.
查普曼小心选择种植地方。他不会随意播种。首先，他会在一个开放的区域寻找肥沃的土地。然后，他要修整土地，仔细除去不必要的植物。最后沿直线种下他的种子，并在它们的周围筑起篱笆。篱笆有助于保护幼苗免受动物的伤害。当树长大时，他回来修理篱笆，照顾土地。
STEVE EMBER: Chapman planted withthoughts about future markets for his crops. His trees often grewin land near settlements. He often sold his apple seeds tosettlers. Sometimes, he gave away trees to needy settlers. When lowon seeds, he returned east to Pennsylvania to get more. He got theseeds from apple presses -- machines used to make apples into adrink called apple cider.
斯蒂夫·艾卜：查普曼种植的时候，也会为他的作物考虑将来的市场。他的树通常种在居民区附近的土地上。他常常向移民们销售他的树种。有时候，他把树给那些需要的人。当树种不够的时候，他就往东走，回到宾夕法尼亚州去拿种子。他用苹果机提取种子，这种机器可以将苹果变成一种叫做苹果酒的饮料。
Before long, Chapman’s trees weregrowing in fields across Ohio. People began calling him JohnnyAppleseed.
不久，查普曼的树遍满了俄亥俄的田野。人们开始叫他约翰尼·阿普尔西德（注：阿普尔西德英语是苹果种子的意思）。
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FAITH LAPIDUS: Johnny Appleseedwas a small man with lots of energy. He had long dark hair. Hiseyes were black and bright. He never married. He lived very simply.For years, he traveled alone in the wilderness, without a gun orknife. He slept in the open air and did not wear shoes on hisfeet.
费思·拉皮德斯：约翰尼·阿普尔西德是一个精力充沛的小男人。他有一头长长的黑发，他的眼睛黑而有光。他没有结过婚，过着简单的生活。多年以来，他独自在旷野里行走从不带一支枪和一把刀。他在野外露宿，脚上也不穿鞋。
Some people gave him clothing aspayment for his apple trees. But sometimes he wore a large clothbag or sack as clothing. The sack had holes for his head and arms.On his head, he wore a metal container for a hat. He also used thispot for cooking his food. People said he lived this way because hewanted to. He had enough money for shelter and clothes if he hadwanted to buy these things.
有人给他衣服作为支付苹果树的钱。但是有时候他穿一只大大的布袋或者一只麻布袋当衣服，麻布袋上有几个洞以便他的头和手臂露出了。他的头上，戴着一个金属容器当帽子，他也用它当锅煮饭吃。人们说这样的生活是他想要的。如果他想买的话，他有足够的钱买房子和衣服。
STEVE EMBER: Johnny Appleseedlooked like someone who was poor and had no home. Yet he was asuccessful businessman. He used his money to improve his applebusiness and help other people. He was famous for his gentlenessand bravery. Both settlers and native Americans liked him.Everywhere he traveled, he was welcomed. Reports from that periodsuggest that some native Americans believed he was “touched byGod.” Others called him a great medicine man.
斯蒂夫·艾卜：约翰尼·阿普尔西德看上去像一个无家可归的穷人，然而，他是一个成功的商人。他用他的钱来发展他的苹果生意和帮助其他人。他的温柔和勇敢很出名，移民和土族美国人都喜欢他，所到之处，人们都欢迎他。那个时候的报道说，土族美国人相信他是“被神触摸过的”。其他人称他是一个有大法术的人。
During his travels, some familiesasked Johnny to join them for a meal. He would never sit down untilhe was sure that their children had enough to eat. His diet was assimple as his clothing. He believed that it was wrong to kill andeat any creature for food. He believed that the soil producedeverything necessary for humans. He also criticized people whowasted food.
在他的旅途中，有些家庭邀请他和他们一起吃饭，他在确保他们的孩子们能吃饱前从来不会坐下。他的食物就像他的衣服一样简单。他相信屠杀和吃任何生物都是错的，他相信地里出产人类一切所需的。他也批评浪费食物的人。
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FAITH LAPIDUS: There are a numberof other stories about Johnny Appleseed. Once a rattlesnakeattempted to bite him while he slept. Johnny struck the creature,killing it. This was an action he said he alwaysregretted.
费思·拉皮德斯：关于约翰尼·阿普尔西德还有很多其它故事。有一次，一条响尾蛇企图趁他睡的时候咬他，约翰尼击打它并杀了它。他说他一直后悔他的这个举动。
Another time, he was trapped inthe wilderness during a severe snowstorm. He found shelter in anold tree that had fallen to the ground. In the tree, he discovereda mother bear and her cubs. He did not interfere with the animals,and left before they knew he was there.
还有一次，一场严重的暴风雪将他困在了荒野里，他在一棵倒在地上的老树里找到了躲藏之处。在树洞里，他发现一只熊妈妈和她的宝宝们。他没有打扰动物们，在它们发现他之前离开了。
As the years passed, JohnnyAppleseed decided to leave Ohio. He moved west into wildernessareas in what is now the state of Indiana. The woods were filledwith bears, wolves and other wild animals. Yet he never hurt thesecreatures.
几年过去了，约翰尼决定离开俄亥俄州。他向西走，进入旷野中，就是现在的印第安纳州。树林里到处都是熊、狼和其它野生动物，但是他从来不去伤害这些生物。
STEVE EMBER: Johnny Appleseed hassometimes been called the American Saint Francis of Assisi. SaintFrancis established a Roman Catholic group that cares for the poorand the sick. Saint Francis also is remembered for his love ofanimals and for honoring nature.
斯蒂夫·艾卜：约翰尼·阿普尔西德有时候被称为美国的圣·弗兰西斯·阿西西。圣·弗兰西斯创建了一个罗马天主教团体帮助穷人和病人，也因为他对动物的爱和对自然的敬畏，人们记念圣·弗兰西斯。
John Chapman was a very religiousman. He liked to read from the Christian holy book, the Bible. Hewas strongly influenced by the Swedish scientist and Christianthinker, Emanuel Swedenborg. Chapman belonged to the Church of NewJerusalem, a religious group based on Swedenborg’steachings.
约翰·查普曼是一个非常虔诚的、有信仰的人。他喜欢阅读基督徒的圣书，圣经。他深受瑞典科学家、基督徒思想家，伊曼纽尔·斯韦登伯格的影响。查普曼属于新耶路撒冷教会的成员，这教会是一个基于斯韦登伯格教义的宗教团体。
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FAITH LAPIDUS: In about eighteenthirty, John Chapman got some land in Fort Wayne, Indiana. There,he planted apple seedlings that grew and produced crops. He sold,traded and planted in other areas. Some reports said he alsotraveled to the nearby states of Kentucky and Illinois. His travelslasted more than forty years.
费思·拉皮德斯：大约在1830年，约翰·查普曼在印第安纳州的韦恩堡得到了一些土地。他在那里种植苹果树。他还在其它地方销售、买卖和种植。有些报告说他也去过肯塔基州和伊利诺斯州附近。他的行程长达四十年之久。
It is estimated that, during hislifetime, he planted enough trees to cover an area of about twohundred sixty thousand square kilometers. Over time, some adultssaid they remembered receiving presents from Johnny Appleseed whenthey were children.
据估计，在他的一生中，他所种的果树足够覆盖面积大约二十六万平方公里的土地。那时，一些成年人说他们记得小时候曾经收到过约翰尼·阿普尔西德的礼物。
STEVE EMBER: In eighteenforty-five, John Chapman became sick and developed pneumonia duringa visit to Fort Wayne. He died in the home of a friend, WilliamWorth. Chapman was seventy years old. He was buried near FortWayne. The marker over his burial place reads, “He lived forothers.”
斯蒂夫·艾卜：1845年，约翰·查普曼在韦恩堡期间生病了，后来发展成了急性肺炎。他死在一个名叫威廉·沃思的朋友家里。查普曼享年70岁。他被葬在韦恩堡附近。在他的墓碑上写道：“他曾经为他人活过。”
When word of Chapman’s deathreached Washington, DC, Senator Sam Houston of Texas made a speechhonoring him. Houston praised Chapman’s work as a labor of love. Hesaid people in the future would remember his life andwork.
当查普曼的死讯传到华盛顿哥伦比亚特区，德克萨斯州的参议员萨姆·休斯敦发表演说赞扬他，他称赞查普曼的作为就像是一名充满爱心的劳动者。他说，将来人们会记住他的生命和他的善行。
Strangely, stories about JohnnyAppleseed continued to spread to other areas, long after JohnChapman died. Some people claimed they had seen Johnny Appleseed asfar south as Texas. Others were sure that he planted trees as farwest as California. Even today, some people still claim they areJohnny Appleseed.
奇怪的是，约翰·查普曼死后很多年，约翰尼·阿普尔西德的故事依然在其它地方流传着。有些人声称他们看见约翰尼·阿普尔西德远在德克萨斯州的南部。还有人确信他种过的树远到加利福尼亚州的西部。即使今天，有些人仍然声称他们是约翰尼·阿普尔西德。
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FAITH LAPIDUS: This SpecialEnglish program was written by George Grow. It was produced byLawan Davis. I’m Faith Lapidus.
费思·拉皮德斯：这里是由乔治·格罗撰写的慢速英语节目。罗文·戴维斯制作。我是费思·拉皮德斯。
STEVE EMBER: And I’m Steve Ember.Join us again next week for another PEOPLE IN AMERICA program on the Voice of America.
斯蒂夫·艾卜：我是斯蒂夫·艾卜。欢迎加入我们下周的美国之音的《美国人物》节目。
