- Walden; Or, Life in the Woodsby Henry David Thoreau – A remarkableaccount of a man seeking a more simple life by living in harmonywith nature.
- On the Origin ofSpecies by Charles Darwin– The book that revolutionized the natural sciences and everyliterary, philosophical and religious thinker whofollowed.
- The Iliad by Homer – The Iliad is one of the twogreat epics of Homer, and is typically described as one of thegreatest war stories of all time.
- Selected Poems of EmilyDickinson – The perfectvolume for readers wishing to explore the works of one of America’sfirst poets.
- The Art of Warby Sunzi – A book which should beused to gain advantage of opponents in the boardroom andbattlefield alike.
- The Princeby Niccolo Machiavelli – Itsessential contribution to modern political thought lies inMachiavelli’s assertion of the then revolutionary idea thattheological and moral imperatives have no place in the politicalarena.
- Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte – A superb evocation of atime and place;Â a complex, detailed character study; a believableand compelling plot; and, more than anything else, a magnificentlove story.
- A Tales of Two Citiesby Charles Dickens – This story ofthe French Revolution brings to life a time of terror and treason,and a starving people rising in frenzy and hate to overthrow acorrupt and decadent regime.
- The Adventures of TomSawyer by Mark Twain –Perhaps the best-loved nineteenth-century American novel, MarkTwainâ ™s tale of boyhood adventure overflows with comedy, warmth,and slapstick energy.
- The Count of MonteCristo by Alexandre Dumas– One of the greatest tales of revenge of all time.
- War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy – A s Napoleonâ ™s army invades,Tolstoy brilliantly follows characters from diverse backgroundsâ”peasants and nobility, civilians and soldiersâ ”as they strugglewith the problems unique to their era, their history, and theirculture.
- Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson – The writings featuredhere show Emerson as a protester against social conformity, a loverof nature, an activist for the rights of women and slaves, and apoet of great sensitivity.
- Wuthering Heightsby Emily Bronte – One of literatureâ™s most disturbing explorations into the dark side of romanticpassion. Heathcliff and Cathy believe theyâ ™re destined to loveeach other forever, but when cruelty and snobbery separate them,their untamed emotions literally consume them.
- The Complete Worksof William Shakespeare – Shakespeareis widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English languageand the world’s preeminent dramatist.
- Apology, Crito, and Phaedo ofSocrates by Plato – Thetrial and condemnation of Socrates on charges of heresy andcorrupting young minds is a defining moment in the history ofClassical Athens. In tracing these events through four dialogues,Plato also developed his own philosophy, based on Socrates’manifesto for a life guided by self-responsibility.
- Symposium by Plato – Plato explores, through a series ofspeeches, the nature and origins of love and passion.
- The Divine Comedyby Dante – A moving human drama, anunforgettable visionary journey through the infinite torment ofHell, up the arduous slopes of Purgatory, and on to the gloriousrealm of Paradise-the sphere of universal harmony and eternalsalvation.
- Paradise Lostby John Milton – Considered to be thegreatest epic poem in English literature. Its roots lie in theGenesis account of the world’s creation and Adam and Eve’sexpulsion from Eden.
- Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw – A perceptive comedy ofwit and wisdom about the unique relationship between a spunkycockney flower-girl and her irascible speech professor.
- Leaves of Grassby Walt Whitman – “The mostextraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yetcontributed.” â ” Ralph Waldo Emerson.
- The Works of Aristotle– Aristotle’s views on the physicalsciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship, and theirinfluence extended well into the Renaissance.
- The Canterbury Talesby Geoffrey Chaucer – The tales, someof which are originals and others not, are contained inside aframe tale and told by acollection of pilgrims on a pilgrimage from London Borough of SoutCanterbury.
- The Devil’s Dictionaryby Ambrose Bierce – Bierce was aniconoclastic literary genius and this compilation of definitions(written for a satirical magazine during the 1880s) is a trueAmerican classic. Some may find Bierce sexist, nationalist andracist, but most readers will enjoy his malevolent scepticism andunderlying rage against hypocrisy.
- 20,000 Leagues Under theSea by Jules Verne – Agroup of men set sail to solve the mystery of a sea monster in thisamazing underwater adventure.
- Moby Dick by Herman Melville – A masterpiece ofstorytelling and symbolic realism, this thrilling adventure andepic saga pits Ahab, a brooding sea captain, against the greatwhite whale that crippled him.
- Heart of Darknessby Joseph Conrad – Exploring theworkings of consciousness as well as the grim realities ofimperialism, Heart of Darkness tells of Marlow, a seamanand wanderer, who journeys into the heart of the African continentto discover how the enigmatic Kurtz has gained power over the localpeople.
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr.Hyde by Robert LouisStevenson – This dark psychological fantasy is also a product ofits time, drawing on contemporary theories of class, evolution,criminality, and secret lives.
- Voltaire’s PhilosophicalDictionary – A series ofshort, radical essays – alphabetically arranged – that form abrilliant and bitter analysis of the social and religiousconventions that then dominated eighteenth-century Frenchthought.
- Candide by Voltaire – In the story of the trials andtravails of the youthful Candide, his mentor Dr. Pangloss, and ahost of other characters, Voltaire mercilessly satirizes andexposes romance, science, philosophy, religion andgovernment.
- The Hunchback of NotreDame by Victor Hugo – Anepic tale of beauty and sadness, The Hunchback of NotreDame portrays the sufferings of humanity with compassion andpower.
- Les Miserablesby Victor Hugo – In this story of thetrials of the peasant Jean Valjean–a man unjustly imprisoned,baffled by destiny, and hounded by his nemesis, the magnificentlyrealized, ambiguously malevolent police detective Javert–Hugoachieves the sort of rare imaginative resonance that allows a workof art to transcend its genre.
- Father Goriotby Honore de Balzac – A masterfulstudy of a father whose sacrifices for his daughters have become acompulsion, this novel marks Balzac’s “real entrée” into LaComédie Humaine, his series of almost one hundred novels and shortstories meant to depict “the whole pell-mell ofcivilization.”
- The Atheist’s Massby Honore de Balzac – Bianchon, whowas with Desplein all through his last illness, dares not affirm tothis day that the great surgeon died an atheist.
- Crime and Punishmentby Fyodor Dostoevsky – Dostoyevsky’sfirst masterpiece, the novel is a psychological analysis of thepoor student Raskolnikov, whose theory that humanitarian endsjustify evil means leads him to murder a St. Petersburgpawnbroker.
- Notes From theUnderground by FyodorDostoevsky – Violating literary conventions in ways never beforeattempted, this classic tells of a mid-19th-century Russianofficial’s breakaway from society and descent“underground”.
- Pride and Prejudiceby Jane Austen – The story offiercely independent Elizabeth Bennet, one of five sisters who mustmarry rich, as she confounds the arrogant, wealthy Mr.Darcy.
- Sense and Sensibilityby Jane Austen – A wonderfullyentertaining tale of flirtation and folly that revolves around twostarkly different sisters, Elinor and MarianneDashwood.
- The Tao Te Chingby Laozi – Reportedly written by asage named Lao Tzu over 2,500 years ago, the Tao Te Ching is one ofthe most succinct–and yet among the most profound–spiritual textsever written.
- Frankensteinby Mary Shelley – A scientist, VictorFrankenstein, who learns how to create life and creates a being inthe likeness of man, but larger than average and morepowerful
- The Complete Worksof P.B. Shelley – One of the majorEnglish Romantic poets and iswidely considered to be among the finest lyric poets in the Englishlanguage.
- Robinson Crusoeby Daniel Defoe – The old story stillstands up as one of the best adventure yarns for children who areinterested in tales of shipwreck.
- Moll Flandersby Daniel Defoe – Defoeâ ™sexcellence it is, to make me forget my specific class, character,and circumstances, and to raise me while I read him, into theuniversal man.
- Gulliver’s Travelsby Jonathan Swift – Shipwreckedcastaway Lemuel Gulliver’s encounters with the petty, diminutiveLilliputians, the crude giants of Brobdingnag, the abstractedscientists of Laputa, the philosophical Houyhnhnms, and the brutishYahoos give him new, bitter insights into humanbehavior.
- The Adventures of HuckleberryFinn by Mark Twain –Huckleberry Finn had a tough life with his drunk father until anadventure with Tom Sawyer changed everything. But when Huck’s dadreturns and kidnaps him, he must escape down the Mississippi riverwith runaway slave, Jim.
- Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes – In 1651, Hobbes published hiswork about the relationship between the government and theindividual. More than four centuries old, this brilliant yetruthless book analyzes not only the bases of government but alsophysical nature and the roles of man.
- Beyond Good and Evilby Friedrich Nietzsche – In the bookthe philosopher attempts to systematically sum up his philosophythrough a collection of 296 aphorisms grouped into nine differentchapters based on their common theme.
- Thus Spoke Zarathustraby Friedrich Nietzsche – This bookaddresses the problem of how to live a fulfilling life in a worldwithout meaning, in the aftermath of “the death of God.” Hissolution lies in the idea of eternal recurrence, which he calls“the highest formula of affirmation that can ever beattained.”
- The Lifted Veilby George Eliot – A dark fantasydrawing on contemporary scientific interest in the physiology ofthe brain, mesmerism, phrenology, and experiments in revification,it is Eliot’s anatomy of her own moral philosophy.
- Sons and Loversby DH Lawrence – The first modernportrayal of a phenomenon that later, thanks to Freud, becameeasily recognizable as the Oedipus complex.
- Women in Loveby DH Lawrence – Women in Loveexamines the ill effects of industrialization on the human psyche,resolving that individual and collective rebirth is possible onlythrough human intensity and passion.
- White Fangby Jack London – The story of awolf-dog who endures great cruelty before he comes to know humankindness.
- Call of the Wildby Jack London – This gripping storyfollows the adventures of the loyal dog Buck, who is stolen fromhis comfortable family home and forced into the harsh life of anAlaskan sled dog.
- The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe – Lamenting the loss of agentle but passionate woman, the narrator drinks, yet somberlydwells on her name.
- The Fall of the House ofUsher by Edgar Allan Poe –The horrors of the Spanish Inquisition, with its dungeon of death,and the overhanging gloom on the House of Usher demonstrateunforgettably the unique imagination of Edgar AllanPoe.
- Dracula by Bram Stoker – A true masterwork ofstorytelling, Dracula has transcended generation,language, and culture to become one of the most popular novels everwritten.
- Lair of the White Wormby Bram Stoker – Set in centralEngland, the work is brimming with adventure andexcitement.
- Discourse by Descartes – One of the few works of philosophythat absolutely every educated person needs to read at leastonce.
- The Adventures of SherlockHolmes by Arthur ConanDoyle – Sir Arthur Conan Doyleâ ™s Sherlock Holmes has been one ofthe most beloved fictional characters ever created.
- David Copperfieldby Charles Dickens – The story of ayoung manâ ™s adventures on his journey from an unhappy andimpoverished childhood to the discovery of his vocation as asuccessful novelist.
- Great Expectationsby Charles Dickens – Dickens’haunting late novel depicts Pip’s education and development throughadversity as he discovers thetrue nature of his ‘greatexpectations’.
- Aesop’s Fables– Full of humor, insight, and wit,the tales in Aesopâ ™s Fables champion the value of hard work andperseverance, compassion for others, and honesty. They are age-oldwisdom in a delicious form, for the consumption of adults andchildren alike.
- Beowulf by Anonymous – Warriors must back up theirmead-hall boasts with instant action, monsters abound, and fightsare always to the death.
- Autobiographyof Benjamin Franklin – Few men couldcompare to Benjamin Franklin. Virtually self-taught, he excelled asan athlete, a man of letters, a printer, a scientist, a wit, aninventor, an editor, and a writer, and he was probably the mostsuccessful diplomat in American history.
- Common Senseby Thomas Paine – Thomas Paine’sclear and concise writings make him one of the greatest politicalauthors of his time.
- The Ambassadorsby Henry James – The most exquisiterefinement of his favorite theme: the collision of Americaninnocence with European experience.
- Daisy Millerby Henry James – A novel that playsupon the contrast between American and European society that iscommon to James’s work.
- The Turn of the Screwby Henry James – A tale ofpsychological horror as the governess struggles-and ultimatelyfails-to protect the children from the “corruption” that only shecan conceive of…but cannot name.
- Hero and Leanderby Christopher Marlowe – A Greek mythin which Hero is a priestess of Aphrodite who dwelt in a tower inSestos.
- Hedda Gablerby Henrik Ibsen – The story of itstitle character, Hedda, a self-centered manipulative woman who hasgrown tired of her marriage. To escape her boredom she begins tomeddle in the lives of others with truly tragicresults.
- The Master Builderby Henrik Ibsen – The play exploresthe needs of the artist in relation to those of society and thelimits of artistic creativity.
- Don Quixoteby Miguel de Cervantes – Don Quixote,errant knight and sane madman, with the company of his faithfulsquire and wise fool, Sancho Panza, together roam the world andhaunt readers’ imaginations as they have for nearly four hundredyears.
- Dubliners by James Joyce – In “Dubliners,” Joyce’s firstattempt to register in language and fictive form the proteancomplexities of the ‘reality of experience, ‘ he learns theparadoxical lesson that only through the most rigorous economy,only by concentrating on the minutest of particulars, can he haveany hope of engaging with the immensity of the world.
- Ulysses by James Joyce – To this day it remainsthe modernist masterpiece, in which the author takes bothCeltic lyricism and vulgarity to splendid extremes. It is funny,sorrowful, and even (in a close-focus sort of way)suspenseful.
- Portrait of the Artist as a YoungMan by James Joyce – Thenovel’s rich, symbolic language and brilliant use ofstream-of-consciousness foreshadowed Joyce’s laterwork.
- Jude the Obscureby Thomas Hardy – Jude Fawley, a poorstone carver with aspirations toward an academic career, isthwarted at every turn and is finally forced to give up his dreamsof a university education.
- Far From the Madding of theCrowd by Thomas Hardy – Ayoung man falls victim to his own obsession with an amorous farmgirl in this classic novel of fate and unrequited love.
- Twice Told Talesby Nathaniel Hawthorne – Allegorical,supernatural and symbolic themes permeate these strangetales.
- The Scarlet Letterby Nathaniel Hawthorne – A timelesstale of passion and revenge, guilt and grace, sin and redemption.It cemented Nathaniel Hawthorne’s reputation as America’s greatestwriter of fiction.
- The Picture of DorianGray by Oscar Wilde –After Basil Hallward paints a beautiful, young man’s portrait, hissubject’s frivolous wish that the picture change and he remain thesame comes true. Dorian Gray’s picture grows aged and corrupt whilehe continues to appear fresh and innocent.
- Lady Windermere’sFan by Oscar Wilde – Set in London,the play’s action is put in motion by Lady Windermere’s jealousyover her husband’s interest in Mrs. Erlynne, a beautiful olderwoman with a mysterious past.
- The Importance of BeingEarnest by Oscar Wilde –Oscar Wildeâ ™s madcap farce about mistaken identities, secretengagements, and loversâ ™ entanglements still delights readersmore than a century after its 1895 publication and premiereperformance.
- Ivanhoe by Sir Walter Scott – The epitome of thechivalric novel, Ivanhoe sweeps readers into Medieval England andthe lives of a memorable cast of characters.
- The Lady of the Lakeby Sir Walter Scott – Widelyconsidered to be one of the top 100 greatest books of alltime.
- The Jungleby Upton Sinclair – One of thehandful of books throughout all of history, perhaps, that haveencapsulated the crying voices of the oppressed.
- The Machineby Upton Sinclair – Another classictale by Sinclair.
- The Last of theMohicans by James FenimoreCooper – The classic tale of Hawkeye-Natty Bumppo-the frontierscout who turned his back on “civilization,” and his friendshipwith a Mohican warrior as they escort two sisters through thedangerous wilderness of Indian country in frontierAmerica.
- The Deerslayerby James Fenimore Cooper – This firstof the Leather-Stocking Tales takes us to Lake Otsego in thebeginning of the French and Indian Wars. Natty Bumppo, now calledDeerslayer, and the Mohican chief Chingachook fight against theIroquois and discover hidden identities.
- Little Womenby Louisa May Alcott – In picturesquenineteenth-century New England, tomboyish Jo, beautiful Meg,fragile Beth, and romantic Amy come of age while their father isoff to war.
- Madame Bovaryby Gustave Flaubert – For this novelof French bourgeois life in all its inglorious banality, Flaubertinvented a paradoxically original and wholly modernstyle.
- Salammbo by Gustave Flaubert – The novel Salammbo(published in 1862) interweaves historical and fictionalcharacters.
- Narrative of the Life ofFrederick Douglass – Borninto a family of slaves, Frederick Douglass educated himselfthrough sheer determination. His unconquered will to triumph overhis circumstances makes his one of Americaâ ™s best and mostunlikely success stories.
- Siddharthaby Herman Hesse – A deceptivelysimple, intense, and lyrical allegorical tale of a man in ancientIndia striving for enlightenment at the time of Buddha. Siddharthais a man whose life journey runs in parallel and who may or may notbe another version of Buddha himself.
- This Side of Paradiseby F. Scott Fitzgerald – Fitzgerald’sfirst novel uses numerous formal experiments to tell the story ofAmory Blaine, as he grows up during the crazy years following theFirst World War.
- The Time Machineby H.G. Wells – When a Victorianscientist propels himself into the year a.d. 802,701, he isinitially delighted to find that suffering has been replaced bybeauty, contentment, and peace.
- Uncle Tom’s Cabinby Harriet Beecher Stowe – The movingabolitionist novel that fueled the fire of the human rights debatein 1852 and melodramatically condemned the institution of slaverythrough such powerfully realized characters as Tom, Eliza, Topsy,Eva, and Simon Legree.
- Tom Jones by Henry Fielding – Tom Jones isn’t a bad guy,but boys just want to have fun. Nearly two and a half centuriesafter its publication, the adventures of the rambunctious and randyTom Jones still makes for great reading.
- The Aeneidby Virgil – What made Virgil specialwas the artisanship behind his work (which was political, butgracefully and passionately evoked the soul) and the way in whichhe shaped his borrowed material to his–and Augustus’s andRome’s–purposes.
- The Education of HenryAdams – One of the fewmasterpieces to issue directly from a raging inferioritycomplex.
- The Wealth of Nationsby Adam Smith – Smith’s enormousauthority resides, in the end, in the same property that wediscover in Marx: not in any ideology, but in an effort to see tothe bottom of things.
- The Poetical Works of WilliamWordsworth – He sought towrite in the language of ordinary men and women, of ordinarythoughts, sights and sounds, and his early poetry represents thisfresh approach to his art.
|
爱华网![[转载]美国大学生必读书目100本（原版）——经典 初中生必读书目](http://img.aihuau.com/images/01111101/01095026t011db2a886587f5cc0.jpg)
