主谓语一致的三大原则 一致性原则

怎样保持主谓语一致, 应遵循以下三大原则: 语法一直原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则
一.语法一致原则:
A.人称一致:
1.She likes Chinese food very much.
2.We were doing our homeworkat that time.
3.He has been to Beijingbefore.
4.My parents are both workersin the factory.
B.句中有"and", "both...and"连接,谓语用复数:
1.My brother and I are both Party members.
2.The dishand the rice have been eaten up by me.
3.Both heand his teacher live in the same room.
C.句中有"and"连接,若指同一个人(物,事,抽象概念),谓语用单数:
1.The singerand writer joins my birthday party everyyear.
2.What hesays and thinks isn't realistic.
D. and 前后都有every,no, each,any, a等词,谓语用单数:
1.Every boyand evry girl in our class has ever written on theblackboard.
2.No teacherand no student is in the school on Sunday.
3.Each riverand each mountain interests me.
4. Any manand any woman wasn.t listening to his lecture then.
5.A tree anda flower has been taken good care of here.
E.many a+单数名词,谓语用单数;a great( good ) many+ 复数名词,谓语用复数:
1.Many ateacher isn't in the office now.
2.A greatmany workers are planting trees on the both sides of thestreet.

F. a/an +单数名词+a half,谓语用单数; one and a half +复数名词,谓语用复数:
1. An hourand a half isn't enough for me to finish the work.
2. One and ahalf hours have passed, we still wait there.
G. a/an+单数名词+ortwo,谓语一般用单数;而one or two +复数名词,谓语用复数:
1.An old man or two has/have been dead in this village thisyear.
2.One or two students have gone to Mr Smith's.
H. more than one+单数名词,谓语用单数;more than two ( three...)+复数名词,谓语用复数;more +复数名词+thanone, 谓语用复数:
1.More than one boy was late this morning.
2.More than two persons have ever read the book.
3. More girls than one are cleaning the windows now.
I. a or this kind/ pair/piece/ cup/ glass/ box/ of+复数名词或不可数名词,谓语 用 单数:
1.This kind of wood is used to make paper.
2. A box of books is heavy enough for a boy.
3.That pair of trouers was washed by me lastnight.
J.主语后接with,along with, togetherwith,besides,except, as well as,but,rather than,like,unlike,including等词,谓语应视主语情况而定:
1.Mr Liu with his students is climbing the Great Wall now.
2. Lei Lei together with his parents has gone to Hainan onvacation.
3.A girl besides two boys in our class was ill yesterday.
4.Three eggs except a bowl of rice have been got rid of byme.
5.Xiao Li as well as her two sisters is a college education.
6.Mr Wang rather than his children died in the car accident lastweek.
7.Hannei unlike her friends likes swimming.
8.A teacher including three students has been ill for threedays.
K. one of the +复数名词,谓语用单数;one 前面即使加上the, this, the only等词,谓语仍用单数:
1.One of my friends has come to see me already.
2.The only one was stolen yesterday.
二.意义一致原则:
A.集体名词或本身是复数名词:people, police, clothes,trouers, pants, shorts,shoes,gloves,slippers,chopsticks,scissors 等,谓语用复数:
1.Poeple are discussing the topic now.
2.Look. The police are coming towards us.
3. Your trouers are quite dirty.
B.既指"整体",又指"个体"的名词,指整体时谓语用单数,指个体时谓语用复数:family,class, group, army,team,party, goverment, population,audience,staff,committee,union等词
1.a. My family is a happy one.
b. The family are watching TV now.
2. a. Class One is larger than Class Two.
b. Class One are doing school clean up.
C. each,one,another,either,neither,much,little,theother+单数名词,谓语用单数:
1.Each computer works well.
2.Another girl has been to Hong Kong.
3.Which one would you like, the red one or the black one ? Eitheris OK.
4.Neither of the answers is right.
5.The other subject will be started nextterm.
D.somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody,something,anything,nothing,evrything等词作主语,谓语用单数:
1.Since everyone is here, let's begin.
2. No one knows me here because I'm new.
3. Nothing is wrong with your car.
F. few, a few, a lot of ( lots of),several, both, many+复数名词,谓语用复数:
1.There are few friends here for me.
2. Several teachers areb discussing how to improve ourEnglish.
G.what, which, who, whose,all, none, any, most,plenty of, half of, a lot of, the rest ( of)等词,饰可数名词,谓语用复数; 饰不可数名词,谓语用单数:
1.What makes you think I am a farmer?
2.Which has been to the United States?
3.Who are 15 years old this year in ourclass?
4.All the time has been wasted.
5.None of the children is a Party member.
6.There is plenty of rain here this year.
7.The two apples are yours, the rest are mine.
H.表示运算的数词,谓语用单数:
1.Two plus three is five.
2. Thirty minus five is twenty-five.
I. 表示" 时间", "距离", "价格","度量衡"的词, 谓语用单数:
1. Three months is a long time for me.
2. Five kilometers isn't realy far.
3. Twenty dollas is enough to get the dictionary.
4. The five kilos of tomatoes is yours.
注:若表示"若干单位", 谓语用复数:
5.Twenty years have passed since he came here.
J.分数,百分数作主语,谓语应视情况而定:
1.Two thirds of the earth is covered with water.
2.Nearly 80% of the population in China are farmers.
K. the+形容词,过去分词代表一类人,象rich, poor, blind, deaf,disabled,black,white,wounded,old, young,sick等, 谓语用复数:
若指某个人,谓语用单数:
1.The wounded are being operated now.
2. The rich have a lot of money.
3. The blind is walking across the street.(指个人)
L. what引导的从句,谓语用单数;若从句含有复数意义的并列结构,谓语单复数均可:
1.What do you think makes me feel unhappy?
2.What he says and thinks is/are no business of mine.
M. 专有名词 the United States,(aids,news)谓语用单数:
The United States is a developedcountory.
N. a number of +复名,谓语用复数,the number of+复名, 谓语用单数
三.就近一致原则
A. 关连词or,either...or, neither...nor,not only...but also,not...but,whether...or,应依据关连词后面那个主语来确立谓语:
1.You or he has a dictionary, I think.
2. Either Tom or his parents were cleaning the house then.
3.Neither you nor she is good at drawing.
4.Not only I but also he has a sister.
5.Whether she or her friends are in the classroomnow.
B.倒装半倒装结构,应根据后面的主语而定:
1.Here comes the bus.
2. There goes the bell.
3. There is a pen and three pencils in thepencil-case.

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