Unit 5 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time
一. 重点单词
1. organize 组织 2. against prep.反对
3. chance n.机会;机遇 4. tonight n.今晚,今夜
5. window n.窗;窗户 6. explain v.解释;说明
7. improve v.提高;改进
二. 重点词组
1.If you go to the party ,you will have a good time .(if引导的条件状语从句,时态是 “主将从现”)
2.go to the party 去参加聚会
3.have a great/good time =have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快
4.let sb in 让某人进入
5.take away 拿走
6.all the time = always 总是,一直
7.make a living 谋生
8.in order to …为了…
9.study for …test 为…考试而学习
10.stay at home 呆在家里
11.Let’s have/make it …让我们约定在…
12.half the class 一半的学生
13.end-of-year party 年终晚会
14.go to college 上大学
15.travel around the world 环游世界
16.make a lot of money 赚很多钱
17.get an education 受教育
18.in fact 事实上
![新目标英语八年级下册 新目标英语八年级下册第五单元辅导资料](http://img.aihuau.com/images/e/78762/0217060405020479351893.jpg)
19.a professional soccer player 一名职业足球运动员
20.play sports for a living 以运动为谋生
21.get injured 受伤
22.be famous for…因…而出名
23.too much+不可数名词/too many+可数名词复数 太多的…
24.much too +形/副词 实在太…
25.so much +不可数名词 /so many +可数名词复数 如此多…
三. 重点句子
1. I think I’ll ride my bike. If you do, you’ll be late.
2. I think I’m going to stay at home. If you do, you’ll be sorry.
四. 重点语法: 由if引导的条件状语从句
if用做连词时,可以表示“如果;假如”,用来引导一个条件状语从句。如:
I will go if he asks me.
If you eat bad food, you may be ill.
注意:在主句和条件状语从句中的动词都表示将来的动作时,主句中常用一般将来时,含有
情态动词的句子或祈使句,也可以是谓语含有want, hope, wish等动词的句子,但从句中常
用一般现在时代替将来时。如:
We will come to see you if we have time.
You won’t be able to pass the exam if you don’t work hard.
I hope to visit her if I am free.
【典型例题】
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
I don’t know if my uncle ____ . If he ______ , I will be happy. (come)
All of us will be excited___ you can come with us.
A. while, B. if C. but D. or
五. 知识点讲解
1、I think I am going to the party with Karen and Ann.
分析:
be going to do sth. 将要、打算做某事。如:
I am going to do some shopping with my mother.
辨析:be going to and will.
be going to and will 两者都可以表示将来,其区别如下:
be going to 常用于事先经过的打算、计划或意图,也可用于根据某种迹象将要发生的动作。如:
Why are you taking down all the pictures?
I am going to repaint the wall.
Look at the dark clouds in the sky. It’s going to rain.
will 常用于不受人的主观意愿影响的单纯将来,也可用于条件状语从句中,还可以表趋向或习惯的动作。如:
Tomorrow will be Teacher’s Day.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the zoo.
We will die without air or water.
【典型例题】
Look at these dark clouds. ________________.
A. it will rain B. it’s going to rain.
C. it is raining D. it will be fine.
2、Half of class won’t come.
分析:
① half, adj and n. 一半(的)。half 常用于名词或修饰名词的冠词前面,即half a/an/the/one’s +n. 还可以用于a half +n. 这中结构。如:
Please cut the cake into halves.
The little boy drank half a bottle of water.== the little boy drank a half bottle of water.
Half of the children are from Chinese.
注意:half 短语作主语时,谓语动词与half后的名词保持一致。如:
Half of the kids are sleeping now.
② class n. 全班的学生,属于复数;班、班级,属单数。类似的集体名词还有:family, team, nation. 如:
The class has selected its new monitor.
【典型例题】
Half of his books ___ written in French.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
3、if you do, the teachers will take it away.
① do 在此只上文中出现的“bring food to the party”。在英语中,常使用do, does, did,指代上文中再次出现的动作,以免重复;如果是否定,则用相应的don’t, doesn’t, didn’t。 如:
He doesn’t want to buy a computer, but I do.
Please pass me your homework. If you don’t, I will be hungry.
② take away, 拿走,带走。注意属于动副的结构。如:
The food tastes terrible, please take it away.
【典型例题】
----I wonder if it is going to rain next week
----If it___, I have to stay at home.
A. is B. does C. do D. will
4、Don’t run or shout at the party.
分析:
or cong. 其用法如下:
和,表示并列关系,常用于否定句中, and 用于肯定句中。如:
I have no brother or sister.
=I have no brother and sister.
或者,表示选择关系,常用于选择疑问句中或either …..or….结构中。如:
I left it either on the table or in the drawer.
否则,表示转折关系,常用于从句中。如:
Hurry up or you will be late.
【典型例题】
We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning, ____ we will be late for the 7:40 train.
A. before B. or C.if D. so.
5、you will be able to make a living doing something you love.
分析:
①living, adj. 活着的,活动的。如:
Is that old hero still living?
n. 生计,生活。如:
It’s not a great job, but it’s a living.
②make a living (by) doing sth. 靠做某事谋生,相当于live by doing sth. 另外,也可以在make a
living 后加as引导短语,以说明身份。如:
The boy made a living by selling newspaper.
He makes a living as a writer.
【典型例题】
He makes a living ___ writing novels.
A. like B. by C. on D. in
6、Many professional athletes get injured.
分析:
injured, 受伤的、受损害的,如:
He was badly injured in the car accident.
辨析:injure and hurt.
两个动词都有使受伤之意,但是还是有区别的。
Injure,常指由于意外事故而造成的损伤,如地震、车祸等。如:
The boy injured his leg.
hurt,用法较广,既指肉体上的损伤,也可指精神上的创伤。如:
I was deeply hurt by her sharp words.
【典型例题】
The man may___ in the accident.
A. hurt bad, B. hurt badly, C. be hurt bad, D. be hurt badly
7、reasons against be coming a professional athlete.
分析:
against, prep. 用法如下。
A, 反对,违反。其对应的反义词为for, 常用于be against sb. /sth. 反对某人某事。如:
Are most people against having a part-time job.
【典型例题】
The idea is very good, but Mr. Li ____.
A. against, B. is against C. is against it. D. is againsting.
8、I am going to spend time with my grandparents this vacation.
分析:
spend time with sb. 跟某人共度时光。如:
I often spends time with my friends on weekends.
注意:spend 的其他的短语。
【典型例题】
How do you ___ your spare time?
A. take, B. spend, C. pay, D. cost
9、And if you become rich, you’ll have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.
分析:
have a difficult/hard time(in)doing sth.做……很难。如:
I have a difficult time in swimming.
区别:have a hard time with sth在……方面感到困难。如:
I have a hard time with maths.
【典型例题】
He is very strange, I had a hard time ___ with him.
A.work B. working C. to work D. workedSection A 内容详解
Language Goal:Talk about consequences.
语言目标:谈论结果
I think I'm going to the party with Karen and Ann.①
我想和卡林和安一起去参加晚会。
If you do, you'll have a great time.
如果那样,你会玩得很高兴。
1a
Look at the pictures. Then match the statements with responses below.
看图画,把下面的叙述和答语搭配起来。
1.I think l'm going to the party
with Karen and Ann.
A.If you do, the teachers won't let you
in.
我想和卡林和安一起参加晚会。
如果那样,老师不会让你进来。
2.I think I'm going to wear jeans
b.If you do, you'll be late.
to the party.我想穿牛仔裤去
如果那样,你会迟到。
参加晚会。
3.I think I'm going to take the
c.If you do, you'll be sorry.
bus to the party.我想乘公共
如果那样,你会很抱歉。
汽车去参加晚会。
4.I think I'm going to stay at
d.If you do②, you'll have a great
home.我想我会待在家里。
time③.如果那样,你会玩得很高兴。
1b
Listen. Were your answers to activity 1a correct?
听录音,你在活动1a中的答案正确吗?
听力原文
A:I think I'm going to wear jeans to the patty.
我想穿牛仔裤去参加晚会。
B:If you do, the teachers won't let you in.如果那样,老师不会让你进来。
A:I think I'm going to stay at home.
我想我会待在家里。
C:If you do, you'll be sorry.如果那样,你会很抱歉。
A:I think I'm going to take the bus to the party。
我想我会乘公共汽车去晚会。
B:If you do, you'll be late.如果那样,你会迟到。
D:I think I'm going to the dance with Karen and Ann.
我想和卡林和安一起去参加舞会。
C:If you do, you'll have a great time.如果那样,你会玩得很高兴。
参考答案:
1.d 2.a 3.b 4.c
1c
PAIRWORK 结对练习
Look at the pictures above and make conversations.看上面的图,编对话。
A:I think I'm going to stay at home.我想我会待在家里。
B:If you do, you'll be sorry。如果那样,你会很抱歉。
2a
Listen and number these phrases in the order you hear them.
听录音,根据听到的内容把下列短语排序。
a.________ study for their tests为测试而学
b.________ help me organize帮我安排
c.________ too early太早了
d.________ make some food做饭
e.________ Saturday afternoon星期六下午
f.________ play party games做聚会游戏
听力原文
Andrea:Hi, Mark. I want to have a class party. Will you help me organize it? 嗨,马克,我想开个班级聚会。你能帮我安排一下吗?
Mark:Sure, Andrea. I can help you. So when shall we have the party?
当然可以,安德瑞,我能帮你。什么时候举行呢?
Andrea:Let's have it today after class.今天放学后吧。
Mark:No, today it too early. If we have it today,half the class④ won't come.不,今天太早了。如果我们今天举行一半的学生将不会来。
Andrea:Okay, Let's have it tomorrow.好吧,那明天吧。
Mark:Hmm?There's a test tomorrow. Students will leave early to study for their tests. Let's have it on the weekend.
明天有个测验。学生们会早点离开准备考试。我们周末举行吧。
Andrea:Okay, let's have it on Saturday afternoon. We can all meet and watch a video.好的,那星期六下午吧。我们能在一起看录像。
Mark:No, I don't think we should watch a video. Some students will be bored. Let's play party games.
不,我们不应该看录像,一些同学会厌烦。我们一起做游戏吧。
Andrea:Okay, good idea. Can you organize the party games?
好主意。你能安排一下吗?
Mark:Sure. I can do that. And can you make some food for us?
当然可以。你能做些食物吗?
Andrea:Yes, that's no problem.能,没问题。
参考答案:
a.3 b.1 c.2 d.6 e.4 f.5
2b
Listen again and answer the questions.再听一遍,回答问题。
What will happen if they have the party today?
如果今天举行聚会,将会发生什么呢?
What will happen if they have the party tomorrow?
如果明天举行聚会,将会发生什么呢?
What will happen if they watch a video at the party?
如果他们在聚会上看录像,将会发生什么呢?
What is Mark going to organize? 马克打算安排什么呢?
What is Andrea going to do? 安德瑞打算干什么?
参考答案:
Half the class won't come. Students will leave early to study for their tests. Some students will be bored. Mark is going to organize the party games.Andrea is going to make some food.
2c
PAIRWORK 结对练习
Look at the chart above and role play the conversation between Andrea and her friend.看上面的表格,分角色表演安德瑞和她朋友的对话。
A:OK, when is a good time to have the party?
好的,什么时候举行聚会好呢?
B:Let's have it today.今天吧。
A:If we have it today, half the class won't come.
如果在今天举行,一半的学生将不会来参加。
Grammar Focus 语法重点
I think I'll ride my bike. If you do, you'll be late.
我想我会骑自行车去。如果那样,你将会迟到。
I think I'm going to stay at home. If you do, you'll be sorry.
我想我会待在家里,如果那样,你会很抱歉。
3a
Read the following notice from the school principal. Then fill in the blanks to complete the dialogue. Each bland will need more than one word.
读下面这篇来自校长的通告,填空完成对话。每空不只一个单词。
End of Year Party年终晚会
·I want you to remind the rules for school parties.
我想你提醒大家学校晚会上的规则。
·Don't wear jeans! If you wear jeans, we won't let you in.
不要穿牛仔裤!如果你穿了,我们不会让你进来。
·Don't bring food to the party. If you do, the teachers will take it away⑤
不要带食物去晚会!如果带了,老师会把它拿走。
·Don't bring friends from other schools. If you do, the teachers will ask them to leave.
不要带其他学校的朋友。如果你带了,老师会让他们离开。
·Don't leave the gym during the party. If you do, the teachers will call your parents.
晚会期间不要离开体育馆。如果离开了,老师会给你的父母打电话。
·Don't run or shout at the party. If you do, you'll have to leave.
晚会上不要乱跑和喧哗。如果你做了,你必须离开。
·Please bring your ID card. If you don't have your ID card, you can't go to the party.请带上身份证。如果没有身份证,你不能参加晚会。
Karen:Are you going to the school party(1)? 你打算去学校晚会吗?
Mike:Yes, I am. (2) to wear my new jeans!
是的,我想。我要穿我的新牛仔裤。
Karen:You can't do that! 你不能那样做。
Mike:What will happen if I do? 如果我穿了,会怎样呢?
Karen: (3) . You should wear your cool⑥ pants.
老师不会让你进来。你应穿那条灰色的裤子。
Mike:That's a great idea.好主意。
参考答案:
1.the school party
2.I'm going to
3.The teachers won't let you in.
3b
PAIRWORK 结对练习
Look at the rules in 3a and make other conversations. Use the words in the box below.看3a中的规则,编对话,用下面方框中的单词,
snacks,ice cream and soda,小吃、冰淇淋和汽水
my cousin Dave from another school我的来自另一个学校的堂兄——大卫
your ID card你的身份证
A:I'm going to the school party.我打算去参加学校的晚会。
B:Me too. Let's bring some snacks.我也一样,我们带些零食吧!
A:Oh, we can't do that.噢!我们不能那样做。
B:Really? Why not? 真的吗?为什么?
A:If we bring snacks, the teachers will?如果我们带了小吃,老师将……
4
PAORWORK 结对练习
Your school is taking part in a project to help people. Add some more items to the poster. Then talk about what you will do if you go to the project“We Can Help”.
你们学校要举办慈善活动。给下面的通告写出更多的内容,然后讨论一下如果你去参加“我们能提供帮助”的慈善活动,你会做些什么?
Old people's home visit⑦探望老年人
School clean-up学校清洁活动
Children's hospital visit.探视儿童医院
A:What will you do if you go to the old people's home visit?
如果你去探望老年人,你将做什么?
B:If I go to that one, I'll bring them some flowers.
如果我去,我会给他们带一些花。
要 点 解 疑
①这是由“think”引导的主从复合句,“I'm going to go to the party with Karen and Ann.”为宾语从句,置于“think”后,做它的宾语。
在此需要指出,如果从句中有否定含义,往往要把否定提前到主句里,这叫否定的转移。
例如:I think you can't answer my question(×)
I don't think you call answer my question(√)
②if意为“如果”,在此引导条件状语从句。if条件状语从句。一般要求用一般现在时表将来。不用will表将来:
例如:If it rains tomorrow, we'll stay at home.
如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
只有在表示“愿意”和“不愿意”时,if后才可以跟will或won't。
例如:If you won't come, I'll go alone.
如果你不愿意去,我就一个人去。
③have a great time.意为“玩得高兴”“过得愉快”。
同义词组have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself
“great”在此意为好、妙,多用于口语(同wonderful)
great:伟大的、大的:a great man伟人
重大的、非常的:great pain剧烈的疼痛
(数量)众多:a great many people很多很多的人
④crass意为“学生”
class,lesson辨析
class一般着重指性质,而lesson着重指内容。当意为“(一节)课”时,可以互换。
例如:We have six classes/lessons a day. an English lesson/class.
class还可用以做课堂、班级、学生,这时不可互换。
例如:Listen carefully in class.上课时请认真听讲。
We're in Class One.我们在一班。
Good morning, class.同学们早上好。
lesson还可以用做功课、科目、课本中的一课。
例如:They're doing their lessons.他们正在做功课。
Today we'll learn lesson 1.今天我们将学习第一课。
⑤take away拿开;拿走。如果是名词既可以放于“take”“away”两词之后,也可以放于两者之间:如果为代词,则必须置于两词之间;
例如:Take away the books. Take the books away.把书拿走。
Yow must take them away.你必须把它们拿走。
take,bring,get,carry辨析
这四个动词都可用来表示“拿”“带”的意思。
bring与take是一对村反义词,bring“带来”,指将某物从别处带到说话地:take“拿走”,指从近处带到远处。
例如:Please bring your home work here tomorrow.明天把作业带来。
My mother often takes me to Uncle Li's house.
母亲常带我去李叔叔家。
get“拿来”“取来”,意思是到某处把某物拿来或把某人请来。口语性强,强调动作往返。
例如:I want to get some cakes.我想去拿几块蛋糕。
carry强调动作的方式,不涉及方向,有负重的意思,意为“搬、扛、背”。
例如:Can you carry the heavy bag? 你能搬动这个重袋子吗?
⑥cool在此意为冷色的(如蓝、灰等)
cool凉的,凉爽的
例如:a cool day凉爽的日子 a cool dress凉快的衣服
cool冷静的,沉着的
例如:keep cool! 镇静!
cool冷淡的
例如:He was given a cool welcome.他受到了冷淡的对待。
⑦visit作动词,意为“访问;拜访;探望;参观”
例如:visit a friend拜访朋友
visit a factory参观工厂
visit作名词,意为“参观;访问;游览”,
例如:I am on a visit to Beijing.我正在做一次北京的参观。
He makes several business visits to America.
他每年去美国做几次商业访问。
SECTION A 解析与拓展
1.I think I’m going to go to the party with Karen and Ann.
我打算和凯伦、安一起去参加聚会。
▲be going to+v.是将来时态的一种形式,表示“打算(做某事)”,这是我们所熟悉的句式。如:
I’m going to do some shopping with my mother.我要和我妈妈去购物。
He is going to take part in an English class.(=He is going to an English class.)
他要去参加英语班。
【注】be going to后可以接表示地点的名词,表示“要去某地”。若接表示地点的副词,则去掉to。
I’m going to my teacher’s office.我要去老师的办公室。
I’m going there,too.我也想去那儿。
辨析:be going to,will与shall
一般说来,will,shall表示纯粹的将来,没有任何感情色彩,而begoing to或其他用动词的进行时表示将要发生的动作或情况,带有较重的感情色彩,如表示即将发生的事情、计划之中安排要做的事情等。
It will rain.要下雨了。(动作要发生)
It is going to rain. Hurry up,please.
就要下雨了。请快点儿。(雨即刻就要下了。)
▲party“集会”“聚会”的意思,下面介绍一下西式party的种类:
banquet正式的大宴会 party社交性宴会
feast较banquet小的正式宴会 ball舞会
reception招待迎送类宴会 dinner正式宴会
at home party家庭宴会 tea party茶话会
dinner party晚餐会 dance party ball,fandango舞会
fishing party钓鱼会 theater party戏剧会
reading party读书会 sketching party写生会
birthday party生日宴会 fancy/masked-dress ball化装舞会
commemorative party纪念宴会 buffet party主食宴会
wedding feast喜宴 welcome party欢迎宴会
fare-well party告别欢送宴会 partying reception告别宴会
box supper慈善宴会 shower party给新娘赠物的小宴会
cocktail party鸡尾酒会 State banquet国宴
New Year’s banquet新年宴会 Christmas party圣诞宴会
2.If you do,you’ll have a great time.如果你做,你将会玩得很高兴。
▲have a great time
have a good time“过得愉快,玩得高兴”,类似的表达方式还有enjoy oneself,have fun,have a good/wonderful/nice time等。如:
Have you had a great time at the party?晚会上你玩得开心吗?
I have a great time on the trip.
(=I have a good/wonderful/nice time on the trip.)
我旅行很愉快。
▲这是一个含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。主句用将来时或含有情态动词的句子,从句的将来时用现在时表示。如:
If you study hard,you can pass the examination.
如果你努力学习,你就能通过考试的。
If you wait a minute,I shall go and find him.
请等一会儿,我就去把他找来。
【考点点拨】这是本单元的重点语法项目,也是中考殿堂里的“常客”。
3.I think I’m going to wear jeans to the party.
我想要穿着牛仔裤去参加聚会。
辨析:wear,put on,have on与dress
①put on是“穿上”“戴着”的意思,表示动作,是非延续性动词。如:
He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外衣就出去了。
Put on more clothes. It’s very cold outside.
多穿点儿衣服,外面很冷。
He put on his hat and his glasses before he left the office.
他戴上帽子和眼镜就离开了办公室。
②wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思,表示状态,是延续性动词,一般现在时表示经常状态,现在进行时表示暂时状态。如:
He often wears a blue jacket.他常穿一件蓝夹克。
She is wearing a red skirt.她穿着一件红裙子。
He wears glasses.他戴着眼镜。
③have on是“穿着”“戴着”的意思,表示状态,可以和wear互换。如:
She always has her red shoes on.
=She always wears her read shoes.
她总是穿着那双红鞋。
④dress是“穿上”“穿着”的意思。既表状态,也表动作。即既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词。dress作及物动词,表示“给自己或别人穿(衣服)”,宾语是人,不是衣服;因此常用被动语态。如:
Wake up the children and dress them.叫醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。
She is dressed in beautiful clothes today.今天她穿着漂亮的衣服。
dress作不及物动词。dress up“化妆,打扮,穿上盛装”。
He dresses well.他穿着很讲究。
She dressed up for the gathering.她穿着盛装去参加联欢会。
▲jeans牛仔裤
【拓展】
不同“裤子”的英文名称
trousers[美口]裤子 pants长裤
shorts short pants短裤 slacks宽松裤
drawers长内裤 breeches马裤
pants[英]男用短衬裤 tights紧身衣裤
4.I think I’m going to take the bus to the party.我想我要乘公共汽车去参加聚会。
▲take the bus“乘公共汽车”,take等于ride,是及物动词,在句中作谓语。by bus是介词短语,在句中作状语,该句可用下面的句子来表示:
I think I’m going to go to the party by bus.
【注】含实意动词take,catch等的句子与“by+交通工具“的句子可互相换用。
▲I think I’m going to take the bus to the party.反意疑问句应为:
I think I’m going to take the bus to the party,am not I?
否定句应为;I don’t think I’m going to take the bus to the party.
当主语为第一人称(I,we),谓语动词为think,guess,suppose,believe等时,后接宾语从句,那么它的反意疑问句应根据从句来变化;且否定句中否定前移。如:
I think he is right,isn’t he?我认为他是对的,是吗?
I don’t believe he has left,has he?我相信他还没离开,对吗?
I don’t think he is right,is he?我认为他不对,是吗?
5.If you do,you’ll be sorry.如果你做,你会遗憾的。
▲sorry adj.难过的,不安的;懊悔的,遗憾的;抱歉,对不起。常用短语:
be sorry to do sth.,be sorry about sth.,be sorry+that从句。如:
I am sorry to hear your bad news.听到你的坏消息,我很难过。
You’ll be sorry about this later.对这件事你以后会后悔的。
I’m sorry that you say so.你这么说真是很遗憾。
I’m sorry to have you waiting so long.
(=I’m sorry that I’ve kept you waiting so long.)对不起,让你久等了。
6.What will happen if they have the party today?
如果他们今天举行聚会,将会发生什么事情?
▲happen
辨析:happen与take place
两者都有“发生”的意思,都是不及物动词,但用法有时不同:
①happen常带有偶然发生的意思。如:
—What happened to him yesterday?他昨天发生了什么事?
—An accident happened to him yesterday.他昨天发生了一次偶然事故。
I happened to be out when he called.他来访时我碰巧出去了。
It happens that…表示“可能”“碰巧”的意思。如:
It happened that I was not at home yesterday.我碰巧昨天不在家。
②take place表示“发生”时,是不及物动词短语,没有“偶然”的意思,指事件发生,还常表示预期“举行”的意思。如:
Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 1984.
自1984年以来,我的家乡发生了巨大变化。
The sports meet will take place in our school next week.我校下周将举行运动会。
7.OK,when is a good time to have the party?举行聚会的最佳时间是在什么时候?
▲动词不定式to have the party在句中作定语,修饰time。如:
He was the last one to come.他是最后一个到的。
Do you have anything to say?你还有什么要说的吗?
The little girl has a wish to see the world.小女孩想见一见世面。
【注】作定语的不定式与被它修饰的名词之间有进存在主谓或动宾关系,有时表示动作发生的地点、使用的工具,这时不定式后常加一个介词。
We haven’t decided which hotel to stay at.我们还没有决定待在哪一家宾馆。
I’m hungry,give me some thing to eat.我很饿,给我一些东西吃。
Little Tom found no one to play with.小汤姆找不到人和他玩耍。
I haven’t got a chair to sit on.我没有椅子坐。
8.Let’s have it today.让我们今天举行吧。
▲Let’s是Let us的缩写,意思是“让我们”。
●Let’s后跟动词原形,表示“让我们做某事吧”,其否定句式是Let’s not do sth.让我们不要做某事。如:
Let’s have a rest.让我们休息一下吧。
Let’s not go out,咱们别出去了吧。
9.If we have it today,half the class won’t come.
如果我们今天举行,一半学生不会来。
▲half adj.一半的
Half the workers come from Shandong.半数工人来自山东。
辨析:half,all与none
half表示半量,all表示全量,none表示绝无。如:
Half the students in our class are girls.我班半数学生是女生。
All the students in our class are from Nanjing.我们班所有的学生都是南京人。
None of the students in our class smoke.我们班的学生都不吸烟。
10.Don’t bring food to the party. If you do,the teachers will take it away.
不要把食物带到聚会上。如果你那样做,老师将把它拿走。
▲takea way拿走,拿开
●它是由一个动词和副词构成的动词短语。在这个短语中若宾语是代词,代词必须放在take和away中间,若是名词,名词可以放在take和away中间,也可放在take away之后。
Please take your books away.=Please take away your books.请拿走你的书。
What takes you away so early?为什么你这么早就要走呢?
11.Don’t bring friends from other schools.不要带来其他学校的朋友。
▲bring指“从别处带来”,一般与from搭配,构成bring…from短语。如:
Please bring your ID card from your home.请从你家里带来身份证。
辨析:bring,take,fetch与carry
①bring是“拿来,带来”的意思,方向表示“向我而来”,即向说话者而来。
Bring me the book,please.请把书拿给我。
There is going to be a film in our school tonight. Bring your little sister with you.今晚学校有电影,把你小妹妹带来。
②take是“拿走,带走”的意思,方向表示“离我而去”,即离说话人而去。
Who has taken my pen?谁拿走了我的钢笔?
Did you see my pen taken away?你看见有人拿走了我的钢笔吗?
It looks like rain. Please take an umbrella with you.
好像要下雨,请带把伞去。
take还可以表示“拿着”的意思。
He took a pen in his hand.他手里拿着一枝钢笔。
③fetch是“去拿来”(=go and bring),表示双程动作。bring和take则表示单程动作。
试比较下列句子:
When you come to school this afternoon,bring your notebook with You.
你下午来校时,把笔记本带来。
When you go home this afternoon,take your schoolbag with you.
下午放学回家时,把你的书包带走。
I’m going to fetch my child from the school.我要到学校去接孩子。
The teacher said to a student,“Go to my office and fetch some chalk for me”.老师对一个学生说:“到办公室给我拿几枝粉笔。”
④carry意思是“带来,带去,手持,肩扛,搬运”等动作,不表方向。
The bus carried the passengers to the station.
公共汽车把乘客送到了火车站。
She carried a baby in her arms.她怀里抱着一个婴儿。
12.If you do,the teachers will ask them to leave。如果你那样做,老师将让他们离开。
▲ask sb. to do sth.意思是“请某人做某事”,其否定形式是ask sb. not to do sth.如.
Our teacher asks you to go to the office.我们的老师叫你去办公室。
Ask the children not to play in the street。告诉孩子们不要在街上玩。
13.If you do,the teachers will call your parents.
如果你这样做,老师将给你的父母打电话。
▲call sb.给某人打电话
I called him this morning.今天早上我给他打了电话。
Did you call them last week?上周你给他们打电话了吗?
【拓展】
①call sb.’s name喊某人的名字
The boy calls his brother’s name。那个小男孩喊他哥哥的名字。
②call on sb.拜访某人(拜访的对象是“人”)
I called on him yesterday.昨天我去拜访了他。
③call at拜访(拜访的对象是“家”)
They called at her house last week.他们上星期去她家拜访。
14.What will happen if I do?如果我这样做,将会发生什么事?
▲happen v.发生,恰巧,偶然发现
What will happen to the children?孩子们将怎样?
I happened to be out when he came here.他来时,恰巧我出去了。
▲这是一个以if引导的条件状语从句,从句的将来时用现在时表示。如:
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,I’ll go to see you.如果明天天不下雨,我将去看你。
15.I’m going to the school party.我要去参加学校聚会。
▲这是一个现在进行时表示将来时的句子。这类动词常见的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,spend,sail,meet,fly等。如:
My aunt is coming to see me. She will be here soon.
我的姑姑要来看我。她很快就到。
He is flying to Beijing tomorrow.他明天就要飞往北京了。
She is spending her holiday in China.她将到中国度假。
The train is leaving at 8:50.火车8:50离开。
16.Me too.我也是。
▲这是I’m so happy that I can go to England with you for the holidays.的省略句。
这是口语中常用的形式。如:
—I’m hungry.我饿了。
—Me too.我也饿了。
—I want to go shopping.我想去购物。
—Me too.=I want to go shopping,too.我也想去购物。
17.Why not?为什么不?
Why not问句表示建议,即提议某人去做某事。如:
Why not go there with me?为什么不跟我们一起去呢?
Why not come more often?为什么不经常来这里呢?
Why not go there and have a look?为何不去那儿看看?
18.If I go to that one,I’ll bring the some flowers.如果我去那里,我将给他们带些花。
▲some不定代词,“一些”。some apples一些苹果some people一些人
辨析:some与any
some和any都可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词。但又有区别:
①some一般用于肯定句,any用于否定句、疑问句和条件句。如:
He wants some English books.他想要一些英语书。
I haven’t any money,have you any money?我没有钱,你有钱吗?
②在表示请求、建议或邀请的疑问句中,须用some而不用any。如:
Could you lend me some money?你能借点钱给我吗?
Would you like some apples?你喜欢吃点苹果吗?
▲bring“带来,拿来”,意为某人带着东西来到说话人所在的地点。如:
Bring your friend to the party.带你的朋友来参加晚会。
Don’t forget to bring your dictionary to school tomorrow.
明天别忘了把词典带到学校。
I ask the waiter to take the dirty dishes away.我让服务员把脏盘子端走。
试比较:
They came to the party and brought me a nice present.
他们来参加聚会并给我带来一件精美的礼物。Section B 内容详解
1
Which of the things below are the most important to you in life?
Circle three things.下面哪些事在你生活中最重要,圈出三个。
________ be happy高兴
________ travel① around the world环游世界
________ go to college上大学
________ make a lot of money赚很多钱
________ be famous著名
________ get an education接受教育
2a
Listen. Look at the list in activity 1. Put an“A”before each thing the soccer agent talks about and a“P”before each thing Michael's parents talk about.
听录音,看活动1中的表,在足球代理人的谈论前写“A”,在迈克父母的谈论前写“P”。
听力原文
Conversation 1 (对话1)
Agent:The Lions are a great soccer team, you know!
你知道的!雄狮队是一个非常棒的球队!
Michael:Oh, I know.我知道。
Agent:If you join the Lions, you'll become a great soccer player.
如果你加入雄狮队,你将成为著名的球员。
Michael:I'm sure I will. Will I travel much? 我确信我会。我会有很多旅行吗?
Agent:Sure! If you become a Lion, you'll travel around the world.
当然!如果你成为雄狮队员,你将会环游世界。
Michael:Sounds great.棒极了。
Agent:It is. And if you work really hard, you'll be famous.
是的。如果你努力踢球,你会很著名。
Michael:Well, I don't know.我不知道。
Conversation 2 (对话2)
rather:You shouldn't join the Lions right now.你不应该马上加入雄狮队。
Michael:Why not? 为什么呢?
Mother:If you become a professional soccer player, you'll never go to college.
如果你成为专业球员,你将不再上大学。
Michael:But I really want to play soccer. I want a job I love. I want to be happy.
但我真的想踢球,我想要份我喜爱的工作。我想自己快乐。
Father:Of course you want to be happy, but there are many interesting jobs you'd like.
当然你想快乐,但有很多有趣的你会喜爱的工作。
Michael:But it's my dream to play soccer! Don't you think it's realty exciting that I could join the Lions?
但我的梦想是踢球!难道你不认为加入雄狮队是件很令人兴奋的事吗?
Father:Of course it's exciting. And I know you want to make a lot of money. But money isn't everything, son.当然。那令人兴奋。而且我知道你想赚很多钱。但儿子,钱不是一切。
Michael:I know. But if I don't do this now, I'll never do it.
我知道。但如果现在不踢,就没有机会了。
Mother:But don't you want to get an education?
但你不想受教育吗?
参考答案:
be happy——P go to college——P
be famous——A travel around the world——A
make a lot of money——P
2b
Listen again. Complete the sentences.再听一遍。完成句子。
1.if you join the Lions,
a.you'll be famous.
如果你加入雄狮队,
你会很出名。
2.If you become② a lion,
b.I'll never do it.
如果你成为雄狮队队员,
我不能再踢球。
3.And if you work really hard,如
c.you'll become a great soccer
果你努力工作,________
player.
4.If you become a professional soccer
你将成为著名的球员。
player,________
d.you'll never go to college.
如果你成为专业球员,
你将不能再上大学。
5.But if I don't do this now,
e.you'll travel around the world.
但如果现在不踢球,________
你将游遍全世界。
参考答案:
1.c 2.e 3.a 4.d 5.b
2c
PAIRWORK 结对练习
Role play a conversation. Student A, you are Michael in activity 2a. Student B. you are a friend. Give Michael advice.
分角色对话。A同学为活动2a中的迈克。B同学为迈克的朋友。给迈克提建议。
A:I think you should go to college.我认为你应该上大学。
B:But if I go to college, I'll never become a great soccer player.
但是,如果上大学,我就不会成为著名的球员。
3a
Read the article and complete the chart.读下面的文章,完成表格。
If I become an athlete, I'll be happy?
or will I?
For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job. If you become a professional athlete, you'll be able to make a living doing something you love. If you become famous, people all over the world will know you. Many athletes give money to schools and charities, and do a lot of work to help people. This is a great chance that many people do not have.
However, professional athletes can also have many problems. If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.
If you play sports for a living, your job will sometime be very dangerous. Many professional athletes get injured. And if you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are. In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy. They say they were happier before they become rich and famous.
如果我成了一名运动员,我将
快乐呢,还是……?
在很多年轻人眼里,成为一名职业运动员可能就像有了一份梦寐以求的工作。如果你成为一名职业运动员,你就能够做你喜欢做的事情。如果你出了名,全世界的人都将认识你。很多运动员给学校和慈善机构捐钱,并且做许多工作来帮助人们。这是很多人得不到的一个大好机会。
不过,职业运动员可能也有很多问题。如果你出了名,人们将会一直不停地观看你的比赛并且到处跟随着你。这会使你生活得很不安逸。
如果你搞体育是为了谋生,有时你的工作将会非常危险。很多职业运动员都受过伤。并且如果你变得富有了,你将花费很大的力气才知道谁是你的真正的朋友。实际上,很多名人抱怨他们不愉快。他们说在他们变得富有而著名之前,他们更愉快。
Reasons for becoming a professional athlete
成为一名职业运动员的原因
Reasons against becoming a professional athlete
反对成为一名职业运动员的原因
You can make a lot of money
你能挣大钱。
People will follow you everywhere.
人们将到处跟随着你。
3b
Do you think Michael in activity 2a decided to become a soccer player? Complete this letter from Michael to the soccer team agent Mr Brown. Decide if he joined the Lions or not.
你认为活动2a中的迈克决定好了成为足球运动员了吗?完成迈克给球队代理人布朗先生的信,决定他是否加入雄狮队。
3c
Write about your own plans using sentences with“if”and“will”. Choose two things and write about both.
用“will”“if”的句子写下你自己的计划,选两件事写下他们。
Example:Maybe I'll become a teacher. If I become a teacher,I will work with children. I love children, so I'll be happy. I will also be able to⑧ work outside sometimes. But I won't be famous.
Maybe I'll be a lawyer. If I become a lawyer, I will be able to help. But I won't be able to③ work outside and I won't be able to work with children. I think I will be a teacher!
举例:也许我会成为一名老师。如果我成为一名老师,我将和孩子们一起工作,我喜欢孩子,所以我会很快乐。有时我也能到外面去工作,但我不会出名。
也许我会成为一名律师,如果成为律师,我将能帮助人们,但我将不能在外边工作。同时,我也不能和孩子们一起工作。我想我将成为一名老师!
4
GROUWORK 小组活动
Write a story with your group on a piece of paper. The first person begins the story with the words“I think I am going to?”The other people in the group add sentences with the word“if”。Pass the paper around the circle twice. Then read the story.
和你组的成员共同写一个故事。第一个人用“I think I am going to?”作为开头,其他人用“if”写一些句子与上句连接。将这张纸在小组成员间传两圈,然后读这个故事。
Example:I think I'm going to go to the movies tonight. If I go to the movies,
举例:我想今晚我会去看电影。 如果去看电影,
I won't finish my homework. If I don't finish my homework?
我会写不完作业。 如果完不成作业……
要 点 解 疑
①travel意为旅行、游历
travel,journey,trip,tour辨析
travel常指长距离旅行或国外旅行,既可做动词,又可做名词。
例如:I am going to travel to Africa.我打算到非洲旅行。(动词)
He came home after years of foreign travel.
多年在国外旅行之后他回来了。(名词)
journey常指远距离的陆地旅行,多用做名词。
例如:They decided to take a train journey.他决定坐火车旅行。
trip常指短距离的旅行。
例如:I enjoyed our trip to the seaside.我很喜欢那次到海边的旅行。
tour常指观光、考察等的环游旅行。
例如:They are on a wedding tour.他们正在新婚旅游。
②become意为“成为、变得”,用作“主+become+表语”句式,作用相当于系动词。
become,turn,get三个词都有“变化”的意思。become可用于人和事。并可与大部分不同类型的形容词连用;在与表示颜色的形容词连用时多用turn。get强调有一定的过程的变化,如天气长短、冷暖、饭菜冷热、病情变化等。
比较:Mary became angry.玛丽生气了。
The leaves are turning brown.树叶在变成棕色。
The food's getting cool.饭菜凉了。
③be able to意为“能做……”
can,be able to两者都表示具有某能力,但can为情态动词,没有人称和数量的变化,没有将来时和完成时。因此在shall,will,have等后面,要用be able to。
例如:I'll be able to speak Japanese in a year。一年后我就能说日语了。
SECTION B 解析及拓展1.make a lot of money赚许多钱
▲make money赚钱
【拓展】
由make构成的词组:
make paper造纸 make a road筑路
make noises发出噪音 make up one’s mind下决心
make friends交朋友 make tea沏茶
make a fire生火 make a living谋生
▲a lot of许多,很多
辨析:a lot,a lot of与lots of
①三者都有“许多,很多”的意思。a lot of,lots of一般用于肯定句,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。它们完全可以互相换用。如:
A lot of/Lots of students went swimming yesterday.
昨天许多学生去游泳了。
He has lots of/a lot of work to do this week.本周他有许多工作要做。
②a lot可作名词,相当于a lot of things,它也作副词,修饰动词或形容词、副词比较级。如:
We have learnt a lot from Lei Feng.我们从雷锋那里学到了很多东西。
Mary is a lot older than Alice.玛丽比艾丽斯大得多。
2.If you join the Lions,you’ll become a great soccer player。
如果你加入雄狮队,你将会成为一名伟大的足球运动员。
▲join指加入某一组织、团体而成为其中的一员。如;
He joined the army in 1948.他在1948年参军。
辨析:join,join in与take part in
①如果参加一群人的某种活动,这个活动可用介词in+doing(或名词)表示。如:
She’ll join us in singing song.她将和我们一起唱歌。
Will you join us in the discussion?你加入我们的讨论好吗?
②join in的意思是“参加并一起活动”。如:
He joined in the game。他参加了(一起做)这个游戏。
③take part in指参加群众性的活动,如会议、竞赛、运动、斗争等。如:
They took part in the sports meeting yesterday.昨天他们参加了运动会。
3.And if you work really hard,…如果你真的努力学习,……
▲hard adv.艰苦地,努力地
You should study English hard.你应该努力学习英语。
●要注意与hardly的区别:
hardly adv.“几乎没有,几乎不”,是个表示否定意义的副词,相当于almost not。
What he said was hardly true,他所说的不像是真实的。
This is hardly the time to discuss such matters.现在讨论这些事根本不合适。
4.Yon’ll be famous.你会出名的。
▲famous adj.“著名的,出名的”。famous的近义词是famed。famous专指好人好事,大名鼎鼎的,famed比famous正式;noted常用于场所、地方;well-known[口]为大家所熟知
辨析:be famous for与be famous as
be famous as后的介词宾语与主语是同位成分。Einstein was famous
for his Theory of Relativity.爱因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名。
as a great scientist.爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家著称。
The area is famous
for its green tea.这个地区以绿茶而出名。
as a green tea producing place.这个地区是产绿茶的地区。
be famous for后的介词宾语是主语的所属内容。
5.You’ll travel around the world.你将要旅游全世界。
▲travel vi.& vt.& n.
①vi.旅行,游历
He travelled across a desert last year.去年他横穿沙漠旅行。
②ut.旅行,游历
He will travel Beijing soon.不久他将游览北京。
③n.旅行
He is fond of travel.他喜欢旅行。
辨析:travel,journey,tour,trip与voyage
①travel泛指旅行、游历,尤指长途旅行,是“旅行”的最普通用语,但无路程的含义。
He came home after five years of travel abroad.他到国外旅行了5年后回国了。
②journey通常指在陆地上由某一点到另一点的旅行,也指旅行的路程,是比较正式的用语。
He made a long journey from Beijing to Shenzhen.
他从北京到深圳做了一次长途旅行。
③trip是非正式用语,指短期来回的商业旅行或观光旅行。
We went on a pleasant trip to the nearest seaside during our holiday.
在假期中我们到最近的海滨做了一次愉快的旅行。
④tour通常指访问多处的观光旅行。
They made a tour in China including stops at Shanghai,Hangzhou,Xi’an and Beijing,他们在中国的观光包括游览上海、杭州、西安和北京。
⑤voyage常指海上或空中旅行。
They are ready to go on a voyage,他们准备去航海。
6.i think you should go to college.我认为你应该上大学。
▲should是情态动词,“应当,应该”的意思。其后必须跟动词原形。如:
We should learn from each other.我们应该互相学习。
You shouldn't be so careless.你不应该这样粗心大意。
【注】I think…,I believe…这类句子若否定从句时,习惯上将否定部分转移到主句上来。0
I think he is coming.我认为他要来。
I don’t think he is coming.我认为他不会来的。
7.Many young people,becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.
许多年轻人成为一名专职的运动员也许好像是理想的工作。
▲seem v.“似乎”,常用于下列句型:
①seem+(to be)n./adj/./prep.(作表语)
He seems (to be) happy.他似乎很快乐。
They seem soldiers.他们好像士兵。
②seem+to do
She seems to be sleeping.她好像在睡觉。
He seems to understand the meaning of the word.
他似乎理解了这个单词的意思。
③It seems+that从句
It seems that he is happy.他似乎很高兴。
=He seems(to be)happy.
8.If you become a professional athlete,you’ll be able to make a living doing something you love.如果你成为专职的运动员,你就可以做自己喜欢的事业来谋生。
▲able adj.有能力的
●able用作形容词,修饰名词,或作表语。如:
He is an able leader.他是一个有能力的领导。
He is old,but still quite able.他老了,但很能干。
●able能与不定式连用,构成be able to do。如:
We shall be able to finish the work tomorrow.我们可以在明天完成这项工作, You are better able to do it than I am.你比我更有能力担任此事。
辨析:be able to与can
be able to和can的意义一样。can多用于现在时和过去时,而be able to还可以用于多种时态。如:
Can you tell me?你能告诉我吗?
Lucy could read at the age of three.露茜3岁就会看书。
He has not been able to come.他没能来。
Will you be able to go shopping with me this afternoon?
今天下午你能跟我一起去买东西吗?
9.This is a great chance that many people do not have.这是一个许多人没有的好机会。
▲chance n.机会,可能性
It’s a good chance to learn from workers.
那是一个向工人学习的好机会。
It’s the chance of a life time.这是一生难得的机会。
We have no chance of winning.我们没有获胜的可能性了。
【拓展】
get a chance=have a chance有机会
If you get a chance to go,take it.如果你有机会去,一定去。
by chance=by accident恰巧,碰巧,偶然,意外
I met Jim by chance yesterday.我昨天偶然遇到吉姆。
stand a chance有可能,有希望
He stands a good chance of getting the job.他获得那份工作的可能性很大。
take one’s chance碰运气,听天由命
Let’s take our chance!咱们听天由命吧!
10.However,professional athletes can also have many problems.
然而,专职的运动员也有许多问题。
▲however adv认“然而,但是”,可位于句首、句中和句末;位于句首时,其后用逗号;位于句中时,其前后均用逗号;位于句末时,其前用逗号分开。如:
However,this does not always happen.然而这样的情况是不常有的。
She felt ill. She went to work,however,and stayed up late.
她病了,然而她仍旧去上班并且还熬夜。
He said that it was so,he was wrong,however.
他说事情是这样的,但是他错了。
【拓展】
however的其他用法:
however conj.“无论以何种方式,不管怎样”,引导让步状语从句。如;
He will never succeed however hard he tries.不管怎样努力,他都不会成功的。
You can travel however you like.你可以随心所欲地去旅行。
How ever did you get here without a car?没有汽车你究竟怎么来的?
11.If you are famous,people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.
如果你出了名,人们将一直关注着你、到处追随着你。
▲watch注视,观看
辨析:look,watch,see与look at
①look是不及物动词,表示有意识地“看”,强调看的动作,不强调是否看见,常与介词at连用;see是及物动词,表示无意识地“看”,强调看的结果。表示“看到”“看见”。如:
He looked carefully,but could see nothing.他仔细看,但什么也没看见。
He looked at me up and down.他上下打量着我。
②watch的意思是“仔细观察”。如:
Watch TV/a match/a play看电视/比赛/话剧
The bat watched far away.蝙蝠远远地在一边观看。
③see的用法:
see是表示感觉的动词,没有进行时态。如用进行时态,则表示有意识的动作,词义也有了变化。如:
He is seeing his friend off.他正送他朋友走。
see可用不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语。如:
I saw him leave.我看见他离开了。
I saw him leaving.我看见他正动身。
I saw the baby seated there.
我看见这婴儿在那儿坐着。
④look at也要用不定式作宾语补足语。如:
I looked at her to leave.(美)我看着她走了。
I looked at her leaving.(英)我看着她走了。
look作为名词同其他词搭配所构成的词组。
have/take a look看一看
have/take a look at看一看
▲all the time是个副词性的短语,意为“一直”“始终”,表示某一特定阶段开始一直到结束,不表示频度,多置于句末。如:
They’re singing all the time.他们一直在唱歌。
The letter I was searching for was in my pocket all the time.
我找的那封信一直在我的口袋里。
【拓展】
all the time还有“不断”之意。如:
Conditions are changing all the time.情况在不断地变化着。
【注】与always的区别:always为表示频度的副词,意思是“总是”,表示动作的反复,状态的继续,中间没有间断,其反义词为never。它与进行时态连用时,常设为“总是”,带有赞美、压烦、不满等感情色彩。
12.Your job will sometimes be very dangerous.你的工作有时将很危险。
▲job n.工作;任务,职业
Jobs are not easy to get.工作不好找。
辨析:job与work
①job n.[C]工作,零工
I want a job,any sort of a job.我想找份工作,任何工作都行。
②work n.[U]工作
I can’t find work in this town.我在这个城镇里找不到工作。
13.In fact,famous people complain that they are not happy.事实上,名人抱怨他们不幸福。
▲complain
●vi.“抱怨;叫屈,诉苦”,通常和。of/about连用。如:
She complained of his carelessness.她抱怨说他粗枝大叶。
●vt.抱怨,控诉
She complained that he did not work hard.她抱怨他工作不努力。
14.I have decided that I will/won’t join the Lions.我已经决定我将参加/不参加雄狮队。
▲decide的用法
①decide vt.“决定”,可与名词或代词连用。如:
We decided the question by experiment.我们决定用实验解决那个问题。
They can decide it now.他们现在就能决定它。
②decide+不定式,即decide to do sth.
The girl decided not to be a nurse.那女孩决定将来不当护士。
③decide+从句。
We decided that we didn’t take part in the football match。
我们决定不参加足球赛了。
④decide作不及物动词时,常与介词连用。如:
It’s difficult to decide between the two.两者难以抉择。
辨析:decide与make up one’s mind
两者均可以表示“决定”。
①但decide着重经过考虑或商议,在几种可能中选择。
The shop assistant showed him several hats,in the end he decided on the red one.营业员拿了几顶帽子给他看,最后他决定要那顶红色的。
②make up one’s mind表示“下定决心,打定主意”。如:
Have you made up your mind to go to the USA?你已决定要去美国了吗?
15.Maybe I’ll become a teacher.也许我会成为一名教师。
maybe adj.(同义词是perhaps)[口]大概。或许,也许。
Maybe he is right,他可能是对的。
辨析:maybe与may be
①maybe是副词,意为“可能,也许,大概”,在句中作状语。通常置于句首,也可在动词之前。
—Maybe he knows it,maybe he will not.他也许知道那件事,也许不知道。
—It. that his?那是他的吗?
—Maybe,I’m not sure.也许是,我说不准。
②may be是“情态动词+动词原形”的形式,译为“可能是,也许是”。
He may be twenty.他可能20岁。
The book may be in the bag.书也许在书包里,(may be作谓语)
May be the book is in the bag.也许书在书包里。(may be作状语)
16.I will also be able to work outside sometimes.有时我也会在外面工作。
▲also也
辨析:also,too与either
三者都可以作副词用,意思都是“也”,但用法不同。
①also的位置放在行为动词之前,系动词,助动词或情态动词之后。但too常用于句末,前面可用逗号,也可不用,如:
He is a worker too.(=He is a worker too.)
还可以说:He,too,is a worker. too用于形容词前后,意思一样。
He is too young./He is young too.他大年轻了。
②also,too一般用于肯定句中,但too有时可用于否定句中,但必须放在否定词之前。如:
She also went to theatre.她也去剧院了。
She was also wrong.她也错了。
She can also do it.她也能做那件事。
I didn’t know him,and she too didn’t know him.我不认识他,她也不认识他。
③either只用于否定句,必须放在句末。如:
You didn’t go there. I didn’t go there,either.(=Neither did I.)
你没去那儿,我也没去。
▲sometimes adv.认有时
辨析:sometimes,sometime,some time与some times
①sometimes是一个表示时间频率的副词,意为“有时候”,其语法特点相当于often,always。
He sometimes sends an e-mail to me.他有时给我发电子邮件。
②sometime可与过去或将来时连用,表示(过去或将来)某个时候,指的是时间点。
This call box was built sometime last year.
这个电话亭是去年某个时候建的。
Let’s have a meeting sometime next week.
咱们下周找个时间(某个时间)开个会吧。
③some time是个名词短语,是指“一些时间,一些时候,相当长的时间”,指的是时间段。
I will stay here for some time.我要在这儿呆一段时间。
④some times意为“几次”,times作“次数”讲,是可数名词。
Repeat it some times,or you’ll forget it.重复几遍,否则你就会忘了。
17.If I become a lawyer,I will be able to help people.
如果我成为一名律师,我将会帮助(其他)人。
▲people人们,the people人民
【注】people指“人”时,无复数形式,总是以单数形式出现在句子中,但指“民族”时,有单数(a people一个民族)和复数(two peoples两个民族)形式。如:
There are many young people at the party.
晚会上有许多年轻人。
There are 56 peoples in China.中国有56个民族。
辨析:person与people
person与people都可以用来指人。但他们又有区别;people的意思为“人们”时,着重全体方面,可以说some people一些人;而persons的意思为“人们”时,着重个人方面,可以说two persons两个人。SELF CHECK 内容详解
1
Fill in the blanks with the words given. Then make your own sentences with the words.用所给词填空,然后造句。
spend花费 remember记住 let让 organize组织 take away拿走
1.I forgot① your address. I can't________ how to get② to your house?
我忘记你的地址了,我不记得怎样去你家了。
2.If I don't clean my room, my mother won't________ me meet my friends.
如果我不打扫卫生,妈妈将不让我见我的朋友。
3.The teacher________ my mobile phone because I used it in class.
老师没收了我的手机,因为我上课时用它了。
4.I'm going to________ time with my grandparents this vacation.
这个假期我打算和祖父母一起度过。
5.Can you________ the games for the class party?
你能组织班会上的游戏吗?
参考答案:
1.remember 2.let 3.took 4.spend 5.organize
2
Complete the sentences using your own ideas.根据自己的想法完成句子。
If I get up late tomorrow,________
如果明天起床晚了
If I don't finish my homework,________
如果没有完成作业
If I eat too much③ lunch,________
如果午饭吃得太多
If I don't get enough exercise④.________
如果运动不够
If I am a good cook, ________
如果我是一名好厨师
If I watch too much TV, ________
如果电视看得太多
If I don't help others, ________
如果我不帮助别人
要 点 解 疑
①forgot原形为forget,意为“忘了……”,结构为forget sth。
拓展:forget to do sth.忘记去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事
例如:I forgot to close the door.我忘了关门了。(门现在开着)
I forgot closing the door.我忘了我已关上门了。(门是关着的)
remember记着,也有上述情况
remember to do sth.记得去做某事
remember doing sth.记得做过某事
②how to do sth.这一种特殊的问句形式,其结构为:特殊疑问词+to do
例如:what to do where to go
what to say how to learn
但它们不能单独成句。一般用于句中做宾语。
例如:I don't know what to say.我不知道说什么。
③too much意为“太多”,用于不可数名词前。
例如:too much water太多的水too much beer太多的酒
much too意为“太”,用于形容词前,修饰形容词。
例如:much too big太大了 much too long太长了
too many意为“太多”,用于可数名词复数前。
例如:too many books太多的书 too many persons太多的人
④enough意为“足够的、充足的”,enough修饰名词,一般置于名词前
例如:enough water足够的水、enough food足够的食物
拓展:修饰形容词,放在被修饰词之后。
例如:The book is easy enough for a six-year-old boy to read.
这本书很容易,6岁的孩子都能读懂。
修饰副词,放于被修饰词之后。
例如:They can't walk fast enough.他们走得不快。
修饰动词,放于其后。
例如:Have you played enough?.你玩够了没有?
SELF CHECK 解析及拓展1.If I don’t finish my homework…如果我没有完成作业,……
▲finish一词的用法
●finish vt.“结束,完成”;其后只接名词、代词和动名词,不能接不定式。如;
I finished doing my homework.我做完家庭作业了。
He finished school last year.他是去年毕业的。
They finished talking.他们谈话谈完了。
●finish vt.吃完,用完,耗尽
The kid finished the cake.孩子把蛋糕吃完了。
●finish vi.结束,终止,停止
I finished with the tool.这个工具我用完了。
2.If I eat too much lunch…如果我午饭吃得太多,……
▲too much“太多”的意思。如:There is too much water there.那里有太多的水。
辨析:too much与too many
too much+不可数名词,too many后+可数名词。
There are too many people.这儿有大多的人。
He has too much work to do.他有太多的工作要做。
3.If I don’t get enough exercise…如果我没有进行足够的锻炼,……
▲enough adj.“充足的,充分的”,在句中可作定语修饰名词,也可用作表语。如:
Do you have enough time?你有足够的时间吗?(作定语)
Six bottles of wine will be enough.6瓶酒就够了。(作表语)
【注】enough在修饰名词时,置于名词的前后均可。
●enough n.足够,充分。如:
Enough has been said on this subject.关于这个话题已经说得够多了。
I’ve got enough to do at the moment.此刻我要做的事情够多了。
●enough adv.“充分地,足够地”,用于动词、形容词和副词之后。如:
The box is light enough for me to carry.
这个箱子很轻,我能搬得动。(修饰形容词)
She stayed there long enough.
她在那里呆的时间够长的了。(修饰副词)
Have you played enough?你玩够了吗?(修饰动词)
…enough(for sb.)to do sth.……足够(某人)做……如:
It was cold enough to wear a fur coat.天气冷得可以穿皮外套了。
The house is big enough for three of us to live in.
这房子,我们3个人住够大的了。
4.If I don’t learn how to swim…如果我学不会如何游泳,……
▲句中how to swim是连词加不定式结构,作宾语。该句式相当于一宾语从句,该
句可转换为“If I don’t learn how I should swim,________”如:
I don’t know how to do it.(=I don’t know how I should do it.)
我不知道怎样做。
Can you show me how to start the computer?
你能教我怎样启动电脑吗?
5.If you do,they’ll laugh at you.如果你做,他们将嘲笑你。
辨析:laugh与smile
两者都是“笑”的意思,但词义有些不同。
(1)smile是“微笑”的意思;laugh是“出声的笑”,有时是“大笑”的意思。如:
He never smiles.他从来不笑。
Why are you laughing?你为什么笑?
(2)作为不及物动词,laugh和smile都与at连用,表示三个方面的意思。
①因……而笑
He laughed/smiled at the joke.听了这笑话他笑了。
What are you laughing/smiling at?你在笑什么?
②讥笑
He was laughed at by his friends.他被朋友们嘲笑了。
She smiled at him.她笑他。
③睨视
He laughed at the enemy’s threats.他对敌人的恐吓一笑置之。
(3)作为及物动词,laugh和smile只限于用某些动词宾语。如:
She smiled a forced smile.她强颜欢笑。
He laughed himself to death.他笑得要死。
He laughed a reply.他以笑做答。
【注】laugh和smile作不及物动词时,后面要跟介词at哟!
单元知识结构
Topic(话题)
Decision making做出决定
Functions(功能)
Talk about consequences谈论结果
Structures(语法结构)
First conditional if+will if+will的条件状语从句
Present progressive at future现在进行时表示将来时
Modal verb should情态动词should
I think I’m going to the party with Karen and Ann.
Target language
(语言目标)
I think I’m going to the party with Karen and Ann.
我打算和凯伦、安一起去参加聚会。
If you do,you’ll have a great time.
如果你做,你将会玩得很快乐。
—Are you going to the school party?你要去参加学校聚会吗?
—Yes,I am. I’m going to wear my new jeans!
是的,我要去,我要穿上我的新牛仔裤!
You should war your cool pants.你应该穿凉爽的裤子。
Vocabulary(基本词汇)
jeans牛仔裤,organize组织,remind提醒,realize了解,all the time一直,make a living谋生,have a great time玩得很开心,travel around the world周游世界,work hard工作努力,wear jeans穿牛仔裤
重点难点
1.if引导条件状语从句
if表示“如果、假如”时引导的是条件状语从句,即使该句的动作是将要发生的,也不可用将来时,必须用一般现在时代替将来时,而其主句常用一般将来时或表示将来意义的句子。如:
If I have time, I'll come to see you.如果我有时间,我就会来看你。
If it rains tomorrow, I won't visit that place.如果明天下雨,我就不去参观那个地方了。
另外,在when, as soon as, until等引导的时间状语从句中的将来时也用一般时态来代替。
2.be going to表示将来
“be going+动词不定式”表示打算在最近或将来要做的事,这种打算往往是事先考虑好的。另外,这种结构还可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为非常可能发生的事。如:
I'm going to meet him at the station at six.我6点钟要到火车站去接他。
We're going to have a meeting to discuss it.我们打算开个会来讨论一下。
Look at these black clouds—it is going to rain.看这些乌云——天要下雨了。另外,“be+动词不定式”结构表示职责、义务、约定等;“be about+动词不定式”表示即将做某事。如:
You are to be back at 11 o'clock.你必须在11点回来。
There is to be a sports meet on Saturday.星期六要举行一场运动会。We are about to leave.我们快要走了。
单元语法归纳
GRAMMAR
1.由if引导的条件状语从句
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子,叫复合句。主句是全句的主体,从句是全句的一个成分,它在句中作什么成分,就叫什么成分的从句,如作主语的就叫主语从句,作宾语的叫宾语从句,作状语的叫状语从句。状语从句又分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句等。
条件状语从句由if,unless(除非)等引导。
If it is necessary,I can come at six.必要时,我可以6点钟来。
If it is fine tomorrow,I’ll go with you.如果明天天气好,我将同你一起去。
【注】由if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时态,主句用一般将来时态表示。
If it doesn’t snow next week,we’ll have an English party.
如果下周不下雪,我们将举行一个英语晚会。
2.现在进行时态表示将来
有些动词可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。这类动词常见的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,spend,sail,meet,fly等。如:
My aunt is coming to see us. She will be here soon.
我的姑姑要来看我,她很快就到。
He is flying to Beijing tomorrow.他明天就要飞往北京了。
She is spending her holiday in China.她将到中国度假。
The train is leaving at 8:50.火车8:50离开。
【注】有些动词亦可用一般现在时表示将来,但必须与未来的时间状语连用。常见的有:begin,come,go,leave,start,arrive,meet,return等。
I leave for Shanghai on Saturday.我星期六将启程去上海。
We meet tomorrow morning at the school gate.
我们明天早上在校门口碰头。
The ship sails within two days.这船将在两天内起航。
例题解析
【例 1】根据英文解释或汉语,完成下列单词的拼写,使句意完整准确。每个单词第一个字母已给出。
1.a________ (be able to meet the cost of)
The house is too dear. I can't ________ it.
2.c________ (a kind of thing for taking photos)
I have taken many wonderful pictures with the digital ________.
3.j________ (become a member of)
It's not only a chance but also a challenge for China to ________ the WTO.
4.r________ (give or pay something back; come or go back)
We should ________ the books to the library in time.
5.q________ (a line of people waiting for something)</PGN0080.TXT/PGN>
Don't jump the ________ when you wait for a bus.
6.We often get information by reading newspapers, m________ (杂志)and all kinds of books.
7.I will remember my first English teacher f________ (永远).
8.The engineer finished r________ (修理)the tractor very soon.
9.N________ (天然的)food is good for our health.
10.Don't ________ (浪费)anything, especially time.
答案 1.afford 2.camera 3.join 4.return 5.queue 6.Magazines 7.forever 8.repairing 9.Natural 10.waste
【例 2】根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Mr George ________ (use) to take a walk after supper when he was in the countryside.
2.Tom did well in the composition, so his classmates spoke ________ (high) of him.
3.Great ________ (hope) make great man.
4.On ________ (one's) way to the park, he saw many young girls dancing there.5.It is a ________ (please) trip for all of us.
6.There ________ (be) a saying, "No news is good news."
7.Health is the greatest ________ (happy) in one's life.
8.Could you cut the pear into two ________ (half)?
9.In the ________ (twenty-one) century, there will be more inventions.
10.Two ________ (hour) ride is not so long.
答案 1.used 2.highly 3.hopes 4.his 5.pleasant 6.is 7.happiness 8.halves 9.twenty-first 10.hours'
【例 3】 选择题。
________ is the way ________ the cinema?
A.What; of B.Where; to
C.Which; to D.How; of
误点 部分同学将思维局限在汉语的思维方式中,因而错选B。
精析 英语中常见的表示“问路”的句子主要有:①Where is…?②Whichis the way to…?③Can you tell me the way to…?等。在做本题时,要注意英语中的表达习惯。
答案 C
【例 4】 选择题。
Lncy is on ________ way ________.
A.her; to home B.her; home
C.its; to home D.its; home
误点 部分同学由于忽视了在home前不加“to”而错选答案A。
精析 本例考查短语(be) on the /one's way(to) (在路上),way前可用the或依照句意用one's, way后可以接“to+名词”(to后也可以接动词原形)或直接接副词。本题中,home是副词,故home前不能加介词to。
答案 B
【例 5】 选择题。
________ the end of the road, you'll find the North Street Hospital in ________ front of you.
A.In; the B.At; the
C.On; / D.At; /
误点 由于混淆了at the end of与in the end; in front of与in the front of而出错。
精析 做好本题,先应注意区分这些短语。at the end of意为“在……的末尾/端”,in the end意为“最后/终于”;in front of意为“在……的前面”,in the frontof意为“在……的前部”。
答案 D
典型例题解析
1.Idon’t like this bike. Please give me ________ one.(2004.广州中考题)
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
赏析:句子意思是“我不喜欢这辆自行车,请给我另外一辆”。other是“其他的”;the other指“其余的”;other译为“剩余的,其他的(东西)”,是名词形式,以上三者都不符合题意,只有another具有“另外一个”之意。
答案:B
2.Ask those children ________in the street. It’s dangerous.
(2004·山东省中考题)
A. don’t run B.didn’t run C. won’t run D. not to run
赏析:此题考查ask sb.to do sth.这个词组的用法。它的否定形式是ask sb. not to do sth.答案A、B、C都不符合固定短语的习惯用法。
答案:D
3.There________an English film tonight. Can you come?(2004·山西中考题)
A. is going to be B. will have
C. was to be D. is going to have
赏析:本题考查there be句型的一般将来时态的表达方式:there will/be going to be,因为there be句式本身就含有“有”的意思,因此,答案B和D不对;答案C也与句意不符。
答案:A
4.If I________ next Sunday. I________ you.(2004·昆明市中考题)
A. am free;see B. will be free;see
C. am free;will see D. will free;will see
赏析:此题考查由if引导的条件状语从句的有关知识,if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态表示。答案A、B、D都不符合此语法现象。
答案:C
5.The old pictures remind me ________my school days.(2004·潍坊市中考题)
A. at B. on C. bout D. of
赏析:句子意思是“这收到旧图画使我想起我的学校生活”。“使某人想起,记起”的正确表达方式是:remind sb. of sth.A、B、C都不对。
答案:D
6.I hear some birds________ the tree now.(2004·泰安市中考题)
A. singing;on B. singing;in
C. are singing;on D. were singing;in
赏析:从now可以确定,hear后跟现在分词形式。在树上有鸟,“树外”之物用in the tree答案A介词不对,C和D构成形式不对。
答案:B
7.Li Mmg_ _______himself________ yesterday evening.(2004·鸡西市中考题)
A. hurt;badly B. hurted;worse
C. hurts;bad D. hurting;worst
赏析:从yesterday evening可以确定句子的时态是一般过去时态。hurt的过去式形式是动词原形;又由于hurt是谓语动词,故bad应用其副词形式badly。
答案:A
8.Can you do it by________,Jim? Let ________help you!(2004·广西中考题)
A. themselves;we B. yourselves;us
C. yourself;I D. yourself;me
赏析:从Jin一词看,by后跟you的反身代词形式yourself;Let是动词,后面需跟代词的宾格形式me。答案A、B、C都不符合题意。
答案:D词语辨析
1.problem与question
两个词都表示问题,problem指被指出的问题,特别指疑难的、困难的问题,如数、理、化、失业问题或令人困惑的问题;question意思极广,指需要解决或解答的问题,如劳动、社会、金钱、考试等问题,有些场合可以互换,学习上解决数理问题用solve the problem,回答文史类问题用answer the question。no problem和no question
比较下列句子你便能知道它们之间的区别。如:
Do you have any questions to ask?你们还有问题要问吗?
No question.没问题了。
Can you finish the task in time?你们能按时完成任务吗?
No problem.没问题。
2.sometimes, sometime, some time与some times
这四个词看起来很相似,但其含义和用法完全不同。
(1)sometimes是一个表示时间频率的副词,意为“有时候”,其语法特点相当于always,often。多用于一般现在时,对它进行提问用的疑问词是how often。如:
He sometimes goes to school by bus.他有时乘公共汽车去上学。(sometimes也可以位于句首)
-How often do you go to see your grandparents?你多久去看你的祖父母一次?
-Sometimes.有时候去。
(2)sometime也是副词,表示在“过去某个时候或在将来某个时候”,指的是时间点,用过去时或将来时,对它进行提问时须用when。如:
I'll buy a computer sometime next year.明年某个时候我要买台计算机。
-When will you start?你什么时候动身?
-Sometime later next week.下周晚些时候。
(3)some time是名词短语,表示“一些时间,相当长的时间,一段时间”,指的是时间段(a period of time)。如:
I'll be away for some time.我要离开一些时间。
(4)some times是名词短语,意为“几次(倍)”,time是可数名词。对它提问用how many times。如:
Please say it some times.请说几遍。
How many times do you watch TV every week?你每星期看多少次电视?
3.take, cost, spend与pay
take的主语是形式主语it,句尾的不定式短语为真实主语。It takes(sb.)
some time to do sth.表示“干某事花掉(某人)多少时间”,也可省略不说sb.(某人)。
cost要求用物作主语,人可作间接宾语,即sth. cost(sb.)some money“某物花掉(某人)一些钱。”
spend要求人作主语,其后常与“on+名词/代词”搭配使用,即“spend…on+名词/代词”,表示“在……上花费了多少”,也可与in doing sth.搭配使用,in可省略,即spend…(in) doing sth.,表示“做……花费了多少”。
pay要求“人”作主语,其后常用介词for,即sb. pay… for sth.,表示“某人为……而花费了(多少)钱或代价”。