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专业八级翻译分类专项试题(十二)
一、Chinese to English (本大题5小题.每题10.0分,共50.0分。Translate the following underlined part of the text into English. )
第1题 传道者感叹到:“著书立说没有止境”,却没发觉他已高度评价了作家这一职业。 的确,写作、旅行、积聚财富都是没有终结的。一个问题引发另外一个问题。我们不断学习,且永远达不到心中所渴望的那般学识渊博。我们永远雕刻不出自己心仪的塑像。当发现一个新大陆,或翻过一座山脉时,我们总会看到远方还有未曾涉足的海洋与陆地。宇宙浩渺,总会有供我们勤奋努力的东西,总会有供我们探索的空间。它不像卡莱尔的著作,可以读完。即使在其一角,在一个私人花园,或一个农庄附近,四季轮回,天气瞬息万变,哪怕在那里生活了一辈子,也总会有让我们惊喜的事情。
【正确答案】:
答案:
There is no end, indeed, to making books, to travelling, or to gathering wealth. Problem gives rise to problem. We may study for ever, and we are never as learned as we would. We have never made a statue worthy of our dreams. And when we have discovered a continent, or crossed a chain of mountains, it is only to find another ocean or another plain upon the further side. In the infinite universe there is room for our swiftest diligence and to explore. It is not like the works of Carlyle, which can be read to an end. Even in a comer, in a private park, or in the
neighbourhood of a single hamlet, the weather and the seasons keep so deftly changing that although we walk there for a lifetime there will be always something new to startle and delight us.
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.的确,写作、旅行、积聚财富都是没有终结的:译为There is no end, indeed, to making books, to travelling, or to gathering wealth。此处将“没有终结”翻译成There is no end,将“写作、旅行、积累财富”翻译成了不定式短语。
2.一个问题引发另外一个问题:可直译为Problem gives rise to problem.
3.学识渊博:用learned表达即可。
4.心仪的塑像:可译为a statue worthy of our dreams。
5.未曾涉足的海洋与陆地:翻译成another ocean or another plain upon the further side即可。
6.宇宙浩渺:根据上下文,此处作状语,译成in the infinite universe。
7.即使在其一角,在一个私人花园,或一个农庄附近,四季轮回,天气瞬息万变,哪怕在那里生活了一辈子,也总会有让我们惊喜的事情:句子较长,但结构清晰,可顺译为:Even in a comer, in a private park, or in the neighbourhood
of a single hamlet, the weather and the seasons keep so deftly changing that although we walk there for a lifetime there will be always something new to startle and delight us. 第2题 讲英语的人听到别人赞扬,一般说“谢谢”,表示接受,说明自己认为对方的赞扬是诚心诚意的,所赞扬的事是值得赞扬的。因此不应“假装自卑”或“故作谦虚”。但是,对于中国人来说,听到别人赞扬时,通常要表示受之有愧,做得很不够;或者说自己的成就不过是由于侥幸,或者说是客观条件造成的,等等,而接受赞扬则意味着有骄傲自满情绪或“缺乏教养”。因此,上述两种回答引起不同反应是由于双方语言习惯不同。他们都根据各自的风俗去理解别人所说的话。
【正确答案】:
答案:
To English-speaking people, praise is to be accepted, generally with a remark like
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.讲英语的人听到别人赞扬,一般说“谢谢”,表示接受,说明自己认为对方的赞扬是诚心诚意的。所赞扬的事是值得赞扬的:此句比较长,可断句译为两个独立的句子。第一部分“讲英语„„表示接受”的语义重心是“赞扬”,因此可转换语态,译为被动句To English-speaking people,praise is to be accepted。一般说“谢谢”可转译为介词短语generally with a remark like“Thank you.”在句中作状语。后一部分“说明自己„„是值得赞扬的”并没有具体说明施动者,因此可译为It is assumed that...is for some worthy achievement的结构。
2.因此不应“假装自卑”或“故作谦虚”:句中动词词组“假装自卑”和“故作谦虚”可分别转译为名词词组false humility和pretended modesty。
3.但是,对于中国人来说,听到别人赞扬时,通常要表示受之有愧,做得很不够;或者说自己的成就不过是由于侥幸,或者说是客观条件造成的,等等,而接受赞扬则意味着有骄傲自满情绪或“缺乏教养”:此句较长,是典型的流水句,且没有主语,因此需要增译出主语,“通常要„„缺乏教养”部分说的都是中国人听到赞扬时的习惯性回答,因此可增译the customary reply作为主句的主语。
4.表示:可译为claim,其后的“受之有愧„„客观条件造成的,等等”可译
为claim的并列宾语从句,这些属于泛指的情况,故可用one作从句的主语。
5.受之有愧:译为that one is not worthy of the praise。 6.做得很不够:可译为that what one has done is hardly enough。 7.不过是由于侥幸:可译为was more a matter of luck。 8.骄傲自满情绪:译为conceit and self-complacence。
9.风俗:指“文化背景”,故译为culture更贴切。
第3题 “孔子曰:三人行,则必有我师。是故弟子不必不如师,师不必贤于弟子。闻道有先后,术业有专攻,如是而已。”
韩愈的原意,是因为自己接受了门徒,为抵制当时舆论的非议,所以写这篇文章自解。他的意思是说,自己虽然是作了先生,并不一定样样贤于弟子,从他学的人也不一定不如他,人们不必因此而大惊小怪。本来,只要是一个人闻道在先,不管他是什么人,都可以拜他为师。要学习的是知识,用不着问他“生乎我前”或“生乎吾后”;也用不着要求老师精通百般武艺,只要他有一门是比自己好的,就应该认他为师,向他学习。这是讲给求学的人听的。但也可以反过来讲给“传道授业解惑”的老师们听。
【正确答案】:
答案:
Han Yu wrote this essay to defend himself against the attack of his time on his having accepted some disciples. In his opinion, having some
disciples was not something to be surprised at because, as a teacher, he was not necessarily better than his disciples in every way, nor his disciples always inferior to him. As a matter of fact, one who has learned the truth earlier than you, no matter who he is, should be acknowledged as a teacher. You need not ask whether he was born before or after you because what matters is the knowledge that he can impart to you. Nor should you presume him to be omniscient. So long as he excels you in one respect, you should learn from him and call him your teacher.
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.韩愈的原意,是因为自己接受了门徒,为抵制当时舆论的非议,所以写这篇文章自解:此句在翻译时需要调整语序,以符合英语果在前因在后的句式特点。其中,“自解”指为自己辩解,可对应译为defend himself。“抵制„„非议”,可译为against the attack of。
2.他的意思是说,自己虽然是作了先生,并不一定样样贤于弟子,从他学的人也不一定不如他,人们不必因此而大惊小怪:此句是个典型的流水句,各分句间结构比较松散,该句的语义重心在于最后一个分句“人们不必因此而大惊小怪”,即having some disciples was not something to be surprised at,其余的内容则在说明“不必大惊小怪”的原因,故第二句可译为含有原因状语从句的主从复合句。“大惊小怪”还可译为make a fuss about。
3.他的意思是说:即他的观点,可灵活译为in his opinion,“不一定„„不
一定”可采用not...nor的结构来翻译。“并不一定样样贤于弟子”指没有必要各个方面都比学生好,was not necessarily better than his disciples in every way。
4.本来,只要是一个人闻道在先,不管他是什么人,都可以拜他为师:此句的语义重心在于“都可以拜他为师”,因此可译为主句,该句没有明确的施动者,因此可进行语态转换,译为should be acknowledged as a teacher。“闻道在先”可译为定语从句who has learned the truth earlier than you。“不管他是什么人”可译为条件状语从句no matter who he is。“本来”在此指“事实上”,可译为as a matter of fact或in fact。
5.要学习的是知识,用不着问他“生乎我前”或“生乎吾后”:此部分可译为一个独立的句子,该部分前后为因果关系,需要调整语序并通过增加连接词表现出来:You need not ask whether he was born before or after you because what matters is the knowledge that he can impart to you.
6.也用不着要求老师精通百般武艺,只要他有一门是比自己好的,就应该认他为师,向他学习:该部分的三个分句还需要进行断句,因为第一个分句“也用不着要求老师精通百般武艺”与后面两个分句之间逻辑关系不是很密切。这个分句可用连词nor引导,与前一句的否定助词not呼应。
7.精通百般武艺:可译为omniscient。
第4题 南京,她自新中国建立以来发生的巨大而深刻的变化更加令人欢欣鼓舞。“虎踞龙盘今胜昔,天翻地覆慨而慷。”从1949年471 23日始,人民真正成为这座古老城市的主人。金陵回春,古城新生,昔日饱尝的屈辱和灾难,至此如同梦魔终被摆脱。人民在自己的土地上辛勤劳作,把古城南京妆扮得面貌一新。特别是近十几年来,改革开放又给这座美丽的名城注入了新的活力,崭新的工业、通达的运输、如画的城市建设、兴盛的第三产业、多彩的文化生活,都使这个具有古都特色的现代都市焕发出勃勃英姿。
【正确答案】:答案:
The tremendous changes that have taken place in Nanjing since New China was founded are even more inspiring, just as the much quoted couplet from a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong on the occasion of the liberation of the city on April 23, 1949 has it:
The city, a tiger crouching, a dragon curling, outshines its ancient glories; in heroic triumph, heaven and earth have been overturned.
Balmy spring winds returned to bring new life to this historic city, of which the common people came to be the genuine masters. The nightmarish sufferings and humiliations of the past were left behind once and for all. The citizens of Nanjing have been working hard to give this age-old town a new appearance. Especially for the past ten years or more, the country's reform and opening-up policy has infused new vigour into this beautiful and famous city. Newly built industries, an efficient transportation network extending in all directions, picturesque urban construction, a booming tertiary industry, a varied and colourful cultural life, all these
and more added charm and vitality to this modem metropolis, which retains somehow the ambience and features of an ancient capital.
[本题分数]: 10.0 分 【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.南京,她自新中国建立以来发生的巨大而深刻的变化更加令人欢欣鼓舞:此句的语义重心在“巨大而深刻的变化更加令人欢欣鼓舞”,因而这部分可译为主句,“她自新中国建立以来发生的”可译为定语从句修饰changes。
2.虎踞龙盘今胜昔,天翻地覆慨而慷:引用的是毛主席在1949年4月23日解放南京时所作的诗句,在翻译时应把这一历史背景体现出来。依据上下文可知引用该诗句是对上一句的佐证,因而可将其译为上一句的状语。诗句翻译难度较大,通常需进行意译:The city, a tiger crouching, a dragon curling, outshines its ancient glories; in heroic triumph, heaven and earth have been overturned.
3.金陵回春,古城新生:在语义上比较紧凑,根据英语形合、多从句的特点,可将这两句合起来翻译,即将第三句译成定语从句,第四句前部分译为主句。此处不宜直译为Spring returned and the ancient city was new born,“古城新生”指万物复苏,因而该句可译为Spring returned and brought new life to the ancient city或意译为Balmy spring winds returned to bring new life to this historic city。
4.人民在自己的土地上辛勤劳作,把古城南京妆扮得面貌一新:“人民”指的是南京的劳动人民,因而可具体译为the citizens of Nanjing。“在自己的土地上辛勤劳作”无需逐字译出,可灵活译为have been working hard。“古城”可译为ancient city, historic city或age-old town。“把„„妆扮得面貌一新”可译为give...a new appearance/look, make...put on an entirely new look或make...turn on a new leaf。
5.注入新的活力:可译为has infused new vigour into。
6.崭新的工业:可具体译为newly built industries。
7.通达的运输:指交通网络四通发达,可灵活译为an efficient transportation network extending in all directions。
8.第三产业:可译为the tertiary industry或the service industry。
9.这个具有古都特色的现代都市:在翻译时可调整语序,把“现代都市”译为中心词this modern metropolis/city,而把“有古都特色的”译为定语从句which retains somehow the ambience and features of an ancient capital。
第5题 参与并取胜,这就是奥林匹克精神。它表现于弱者敢于向强者挑战,也表现于强者力争取得更好的成绩。胜而又胜,优而更优,这种理想一直鼓舞着运动员奋力前进。他会尽其所能,永不松懈,永不罢休。有人说竞技者终究会是失败者,即使是最佳运动员也终将被更强者淘汰。成千上万个失败者才涌现一个胜利者,这个胜利者最终仍将被取代,挤出光荣榜——这就是竞技运动的规律。然而运动员却从不为这种不可避免的失败结局所沮丧,仍然力争最佳发挥。实在到了自知技穷之时,他会愉快地退下来,让位给年轻的优胜者,并对自己在奥林匹克运动中争取更好成绩尽了一份力而心满意足。他会自豪地说他的青春没有虚
度。
【正确答案】:
答案:
To participate and to win—that is the Olympic spirit. It finds expression in the weak daring to defy the strong, and the strong striving for ever better performance. Ever better—the ideal always lures a sportsman forward. He will do everything he can for it, never relax, never give up. It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated—even the best is bound to be surpassed by someone still stronger. This is the rule of sports—thousands of losers to set off one victor who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honour list. However, undaunted by the inevitable failure, he :is always striving to do the best he can. When the time comes and he knows he can't, he will step down happily to give place to the younger winner, aware contentedly of the fact that he has done his bit for the
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.它表现于弱者敢于向强者挑战,也表现于强者力争取得更好的成绩:句中“弱者”和“强者”可分别译为the weak和the strong。“挑战”可译为defy或challenge。“表现于”可译为finds expression in或shows itself。
2.胜而又胜,优而更优,这种理想一直鼓舞着运动员奋力前进:句中“胜而又胜,优而更优”意译为ever better即可,“这种理想”即ever better,因此该句可译为Ever better—the ideal always lures a sportsman forward。“鼓舞„„奋力前进”还可译为inspire/encourage...going ahead/fighting one's way。
3.他会尽其所能,永不松懈,永不罢休:第四句中“他会尽其所能”可译为he will do everything he can for it,或he will do his best for it。“永不罢休”即永不放弃,译为never give up即可。“松懈”还可译为let up或slacken off。
4.有人说竞技者终究会是失败者:译为It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated或some say that it is inevitable for the competitors to be defeated in the end。
5.终将:可译为is bound to。
6.被淘汰:可译为be surpassed。
7.更强者:若简单译为the stronger则容易产生歧义,因为。the best已经是最好的了,按照逻辑the stronger不可能超越。此处“更强者”在文中显然指“后来者居上”的情况,故可译为someone still stronger或the later comers who are even stronger。
8.涌现:指产生、出现,可译为set off。
9.这个胜利者„„荣榜:是对“一个胜利者”的补充说明,因而可译为定语从句who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honour list。
10.从不为这种不可避免的失败结局所沮丧:可译为分词短语的形式,从而体现译文的多样化,该部分可译为undaunted by the inevitable failure或never upset/discouraged by the inescapable failure。
11.力争最佳发挥:可译为is always striving to do the best he can或exerts himself to the uttermost。
12.实在到了自知技穷之时:即“到了自己力不从心之时”,可译为when the time comes and he knows he can't。 13.他会愉快地退下来,让位给年轻的优胜者:可合译为一句he will step down happily to give place to the younger winner。
14.并对自己在奥林匹克运动„„而心满意足:译为形容词短语aware contentedly of the fact that he has done his bit for the
二、English to Chinese (本大题5小题.每题10.0分,共50.0分。Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. )
第1题 And with this prize that I have received as a Prize of Peace, I am going to try to make the home for many people who have no home, Because I believe that love begins at home and if we can create a home for the poor I think that more and more love will spread. And we will be able through this understanding love to bring peace, be the good news to the poor. The poor in our own family first, in our country and in the world. To be able to do this, our Sisters, our lives have to be woven with prayer. They have to be woven with Christ to be able to understand, to be able to share. Because today there is so much suffering... When I pick up a person from the street, hungry, I give him a plate of rice, a piece of bread, I have satisfied. I have removed that hunger. But a person that is shut out, that feels unwanted, unloved, terrified, the person that has been thrown out from society—that poverty is so hurtful and so much... And so let us always meet each other with a smile, for the smile is the beginning of love, and once we begin to love each other naturally we want to do something.
【正确答案】:
答案:
而且,我们将通过这种宽容博大的爱带来和平,这将成为穷人的福音。首先是我们自己家里的穷人,其次是我们国家的穷人,最后是全世界的穷人。为了做到这一点,姐妹们,我们的生活就必须与祷告紧紧相联。我们的生活必须同基督结为一体才能互相体谅,共同分享。因为,今天的世界上仍有如此多的苦难存在„„当我从街上带回一个饥肠辘辘的人,给他一盘饭、一片面包时,我就满足了,我帮他消除了饥饿。但是,如果一个人露宿街头,感到不为人所要,不为人所爱,惶恐不安,被社会抛弃——这样的贫困让人心痛,让人无法忍受„„因此,让我
们总是笑脸相迎,因为微笑就是爱的开端,一旦我们开始彼此自然地相爱,我们就会想着为对方做点什么了。
[本题分数]: 10.0 分 【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.this understanding love:可译为“这种宽容博大的爱”。
2.be the good news to the poor:这段选文来自特蕾莎修女在获得诺贝尔和平奖时的演讲稿,因此译为“成为穷人的福音”更贴切。
3.The poor in our own family first,in our country and in the world:此句应该注意“次序”的翻译,因为前面提到first,后面的两个介词短语in the country and in the world尽管省略了表示次序的词,但应把这层意思翻译出来,以使文章读起来更加连贯。另外此句虽然省略了主语和谓语不是一个完整的句子,但是在原文中紧承上句,在含义上有一定的接续性,所以在翻译的时候要增译出谓语“是”。这种片段式的句子经常出现在演讲等口语表达中。
4.be woven with:可译为“和„„紧紧相联”。 5.Sisters:首字母大写时通常指“修女”,但在此应指与特蕾莎修女共同努力的人,因此译为“姐妹们”,更为亲切。
6.pick up sb:有“顺路用车接某人的意思”,在此可简单泽为“带来某人”。文中要注意数量词的翻译,如a plate of和apiece of分别是“一盘”和“一片”。
7.unwanted, unloved, terrified:可译为“不为人所要,不为人所爱,惶恐不安”。 8.be shut out:可译为“被关在门外”或“流落街头”。
9.And so let us always meet each other with a smile, for the smile is the beginning of love„:前半分句由SO„for很容易判断出是因果关系,后半句则由once引导表示假设,因此该句可译为“因此„„因为,一旦„„就”的结构,使得句子更具逻辑性。
第2题 For in London the critics are reinforced by a considerable body of people who go to the theatre as many others go to church, to display their best clothes and compare them with other people's; to be in the fashion, and have something to talk about at dinner parties; to adore a pet performer; or to pass away the evening away from home. In short, they go for any or every reason other than an interest in dramatic art as such. In fashionable centers the number of irreligious people who go to church, of unmusical people who go to concerts and operas, and of undramatic people who go to the theatre, is so prodigious that sermons have been cut down to ten minutes and plays to two hours; and, even with these changes, congregations sit longing for the benediction and audiences for the final curtain, so that they may get away to the lunch or supper they really crave for, and their arriving at the churches, concerts, operas, and theatres later than the hour of beginning can possibly be made for them.
【正确答案】:
答案:
在伦敦,如同许多人去教堂一样,也有许多人去剧院。在那里,批评家身后拥有这样一个庞大的观众团体作后盾;他们光顾剧场的目的是去炫耀自己最华丽的服装,以求和他人的服饰比个高下,力争融入时尚之中,以便在宴会上也好有些谈资。他们也可能是去观赏一场宠物表演。总之,无论在什么地方打发掉一个晚上,要比在家里待着强。简而言之,除了对戏剧艺术本身无兴致外,他们有着五花八门的理由去消磨时光。在一些时髦的中心,那些与宗教乏缘的人款款步人教堂,毫无音乐细胞的人去听音乐会或去看歌剧,毫无戏剧细胞的人光顾剧院,这类人数量大得惊人,因此布道词要缩短到十分钟,戏剧要压缩到两小时,即便如此,参加教堂集会的人,心中却期盼着布道尽早结束,观众们则盼着戏剧快快闭幕。这样他们可以赶快去进午餐,这才是他们真正渴望要做的事情。他们有时姗姗来迟,错过了布道、音乐会、歌剧或戏剧的开头,但是这可能正合他们的心意。
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.For in London the critics are reinforced by a considerable body of person...:此句是个长难句,句间结构复杂,有必要先弄清楚句间关系。该句的主句为the critics are reinforced by a considerable body of person;后半部分中四个不定式结构都是对a considerable body of person的补充说明,因此可先译出主句,然后再逐个翻译这些不定式结构。
2.For in London the critics...as many others go to church:在翻译时可调整语序,先译出修饰成分“在伦敦,如同许多人去教堂一样,也有许多人去剧院”。主句the critics are reinforced by a considerable body of person可转译为主动句“批评家身后拥有这样一个庞大的观众团体作后盾”。 3.In fashionable centers the number of irreligious people who go to church...:此句亦不短,第一个分号前的主要结构为the number„is so
prodigious that...the number of后的irreligious people, of undramatic people和of unmusical people在结构上是并列的,可先译出为“那些与宗教乏缘的人款款步人教堂,毫无音乐细胞的人去听音乐会或去看歌剧,毫无戏剧细胞的人光顾剧院”,然后再译出主句。
4.cut down:本义为“削减,砍倒”,根据上下文,在此译为“缩短”。
5.congregations:在此具体译为“参加教堂集会的人”。
6.benediction:本义指“通常在礼拜末尾进行的祈福”,在此引申译为“布道尽早结束”。
7.their arriving...can possibly be made for them:习语be made for sb.意为“完全适合某人”,此处译为“正合他们的心意”,另外此处将原文中的介词宾语翻译成了定语,使译文更通顺。
第3题 Thus far, our holiday has been simply a friendly sign of the survival of the love of letters amongst a people too busy to give to letters any more. As such it is precious as the sign of an indestructible instinct. Perhaps the time is already come when it ought to be, and will be, something else; when the sluggard intellect of this continent will look from under
its iron lids and fill the postponed expectation of the world with something better than the exertions of mechanical skill. Our day of dependence, our long apprenticeship to the learning of other lands draws to a close. The millions that around us are rushing into life cannot always be fed on the mere remains of foreign harvests. Events, actions arise, that must be sung, that will sing themselves. Who can doubt that poetry will revive lead in a new age, as the star in the constellation Harp, which now flames in our zenith, astronomers announce, shall one day be the polestar for a thousand years?
【正确答案】:
答案:
迄今,我们的假日成了无暇研读文学作品之人重叙文学之爱的一个良机。醉心文学是一种弥足珍贵的天生爱好,不该将此道弃之如敝屣。如今当这个大陆上懒惰的脑袋要冲破窠臼,给这个世界带来一些比这种机械的老套子更为先进的样式时——这实际上也是人们期待良久的事情了——那么文学这种形式或许也该换副模样了,这个时机已告成熟。因此,我们仰人鼻息的时日,以及我们向他人学徒的漫长岁月也该画上个句号了。我们周围的万千之众都在向生活奋勇冲击,只靠异国残剩的果实是无法填饱肚皮的。大事件,大作为,此起彼伏,这些都很值得歌颂,它们自身也就是响亮的歌曲。当天文学家们宣布,我们上空天琴座的闪烁的星斗,将来某一天,会在千余年内扮演起北极星的角色,像天琴座的星斗一样,诗歌将会复兴,并在一新的时代繁荣起来,对此,还有谁会怀疑吗?
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.letters:该词有“信件;字母;文学”等意思。由下文可推知,这里应该选择“文学”之意最佳。
2.As such it is precious as the sign of an indestructible instinct:句中it很显然是指代“喜爱文学”这件事情,可译成“醉心文学”。
3.look from under its iron lids:可译为“冲破窠臼”。
4....look from under its iron lids and fill the postponed expectation of the world with something„:可以先将别的内容说完,将fill the postponed expectation of the world置于最后,总结为“这实际上也是人们期待良久的事情了”。
5.draw to a close:意思是“渐近结束”。
6.rush into life:可译为“为生活奋勇冲击”。
7.remains of foreign harvests:意思是“外国收获的残余”,根据上下文可译为“异国残剩的果实”。
8.Who can doubt that poetry will revive lead in a new age,...:最后一句话较复杂,Who can doubt...之后的从句都是“怀疑”的对象;而从句中还包括which引导的非限制性定语从句。因此我们可以层层翻译,先将astronomers announce译出,然后翻译doubt之后的从句,最后翻译Who can doubt部分。
第4题 Even if the word
There has always been a close cultural link, or tie, between Britain and English-speaking America, not only in literature but also in the popular arts, especially music. Before the Second World War the Americans exported jazz and the blues. During the 1950s they exported rock and roll, and star singers like Elvis Presley were idolized by young Britons and Americans alike. The people responsible for the pop revolution were four Liverpool boys who joined together in a group and called themselves the Beatles. They played in small clubs in the back streets of the city. Unlike the famous solo stars who had their songs written for them, the Beatles wrote their own words and music. They had a close personal relationship with their audience, and they expected them to join in and dance to the
【正确答案】:答案:
即使“流行音乐”这个词从英语词汇中消失,其影响仍将日久天长。流行音乐已经成为英国历史(以及美国历史)的一部分。
英国和说英语的北美国家之间一直在文化上有着密切的联系,这不仅仪表现在文学方面,还表现在通俗艺术方面,尤其是通俗音乐。在第二次世界大战之前,美国人把爵士乐和布鲁斯音乐传到了国外。到了20世纪50年代,他们的摇滚乐又在全世界流传开来,像埃尔维斯·普雷斯利这样的歌星成了英国和美国的年轻人崇拜的偶像。
引起一场流行音乐革命的是4个利物浦的小伙子,他们凑在一起组团,自称“披头士乐队”,在利物浦穷街陋巷的小夜总会里演唱。一般独唱歌星演唱的歌都是别人专门为他们写的,但披头士乐队却迥然不同,他们自己作词谱曲。他们与观众密切沟通,并期望观众也参与进来,跟着音乐的节奏纵情跳舞。
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.remain:本义为“维持”,在此可译为四字成语“日久天长”,以增添文采。
2.a close cultural link, or tie:译为“在文化上有着密切的联系”,the popular arts可译为“通俗艺术,流行艺术”。
3.star singers like Elvis Presley were idolized...:可转译为汉语的主动句“像埃尔维斯·普雷斯利这样的歌星成了,„„崇拜的偶像”。
4.The people responsible for the pop revolution were four Liverpool boys who joined together in a group and called themselves the Beatles. They played in small clubs in the back streets of the city:两句联系密切,可合译为一个句子。第一句中的定语从句who joined together in a group and called themselves the Beatles可单独译为一个分句,即“他们凑在一起组团,自称‘披头士乐队’”。the back streets of the city译为四字汉语“穷街
陋巷”。responsible for不能直译为“为„„负责”,“根据其后连接的the pop revolution和音乐常识,可译为“引起,引发”。
5.solo stars:译为“独唱歌星”。 6.had their songs written for them:即“让别人专门为他们写歌”。
7.wrote their own words and music:译为“作词谱曲”。
8.They had a close personal relationship with their audience:可译为“他们与观众密切沟通”。 9.dance to the
【正确答案】:
答案:
同胞们,在我国复兴的过程中,你们电必须发挥自己的力量。我向新一代美国年轻人挑战,要求你们投入这一奉献的季节——按照你们的理想主义行动起来,使不幸的儿童得到帮助,使贫困的人们得到关怀,使四分五裂的社区恢复联系。要做的事情很多——确实够多的,以至于几百万在精神上仍然年轻的人也可以奉献自己的力量。在奉献过程中,我们认识到相互需要这一简单而又强人的真理,我们必须相互关心。今天,我们不仅是在赞颂美国,我们再一次把自己奉献给美国的理想:这个理想在革命中诞生,在两个世纪的挑战中更新;这个理想经受了认识的考验,大家认识到,若不是命运的安排,幸运者和不幸者有可能互换位置;这个理想由于一种信念而变得崇高,即我国能够从纷繁的多样性中实现最深刻的统一性;这个理想洋溢着一种信心:美国漫长而英勇的旅程必将永远继续。
[本题分数]: 10.0 分
【答案解析】
[难点注释]
1.My fellow Americans:译为“同胞们”即可。
2.in our renewal:译为“在我国复兴的过程中”。
3.challenge:一词直指人心,含有“挑战,要求”之意,具有很强的号召力。
4.a season of service:为名词短语,在此可译为“这一奉献的季节”。
5.act on:译为“按„„行动”。
6.keeping company with:本义为“与„„结交”,在此引申译为“使„„得到关怀”。
7.There is so much to be done. Enough, indeed, for millions of others who are still young in spirit, to give of themselves in service, too. In serving we recognize a simple, but powerful, truth: we need each other, and we must care for one another:后句是对前句的具体说明,因此可借助破折号将两句合译为一句。give of译为“奉献,贡献”。
8.in serving:可译为“在奉献过程中”。
9.we must care for one another:独立译成一句,使语气得剑加强。
10.do more than:不可译为“做得比„„多”,而是译为“不仅仅”。
11.rededicate ourselves to:译为“再一次把自己奉献给”。
12.tempered by the knowledge:译为“经受了认识的考验”。
13.an idea ennobled by the faith that...of unity: that引导的是faith的同位语从句,翻译是通常以“即”一词引出同位语的内容。该部分可译为“这个理想由于一种信念而变得崇高,即„„的统一性”。
14.infused with:可译为“洋溢着”,也可译为“充满,贯”。
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