爱华网2011年10月13日11:18 来源：新东方在线 【发表评论】
1. advance vt. Vt & n 过去式，过去分词-d，现在分词advancing
[词 义] vi. 前进，进展，上涨；vt. 提高，提升，促进；提出(看法，建议等)
n. 前进(不可数)；进展，进步(可数)
[派 生 词] advanced a. 先进的，高级的，发达的
advancing a. 发展中的
[必记搭配] in advance 事前，提前
in advance of 在…前面
[例] The army slowly advanced across the frozen grassland.
部队缓缓地穿过冰冻的草地。
Sugar has advanced two cents a pound.
糖的价格每镑上涨了两分。
They began to appreciate him and advanced him fast.
他得到了赏识并被快速提升。
May I advance my opinion on this matter?
我可以就此问题发表看法吗？
Send your luggage in advance.
提前将你的包裹发出。
He is spending a year in advanced studies.
他花一年时间进修。
2. fear n. / vt. / vi.过去式和过去分词: -ed, -ed; 现在分词: -ing
词 义： 恐惧， 担心的事；害怕
派生词： fearful 可怕的，吓人的
fearless 无畏的，大胆的
fearsome 可怕的，吓人的
[同/近义词]： fright/frighten
[必记搭配]：fear for sth 担心……
for fear of 以防
for fear (that) 唯恐；以防
[例] There is no reason for your fears. 你没必要为那事担心。
Don’t fear to tell the truth. 把真相说出来，别怕！
The thief was in fear of the police. 小偷怕警察。
3. seize vt. 过去式，过去分词-d; -d；现在分词seizing
[词 义] (突然)抓住；夺取，攻占；(引申)抓住(机会等)，理解(意思)
[必记搭配] be seized with 突然生了(某种病)；突然感到；突然产生(某想法)
seize control (of) 夺取控制权
seize hold of (突然)抓住
[例] He seized her hand and shook it heartily.
他抓住她的手，开心地握着。
The soldiers seized the city.
战士攻占了城市。
Joey seized an opportunity to speak to him alone.
乔伊抓住机会与他进行了一次单独的谈话。
He was seized with sudden chest pains.
他突然感到胸口疼。
The pain seized him as he came down the stairs.
下楼梯时他突然感到十分痛苦。
4. against prep.
[词 义] 靠着，顶着，倚着，衬着，迎着，反对，违背，防…，抗…
[必记搭配] be against 反对，违背，不利于，顶撞，违抗
go against 违反，不利于
be up against 面对，碰到(困难等)，遭到(反对等)
[例] He has said nothing against you.
他没有说不利于你的话。
Save some money against a rainy day.
存点钱以备不时之需。
Put your bicycle against the tree.
把你的自行车靠在树上。
He stood with his back against the door.
他背靠着门站着。
It is against the law to open the shop on Sunday.
商店在星期天开门是违法的。
I’m against your plan.
我反对你的计划。
I swam against the stream.
我逆流而游泳。
The mountains are beautiful against the sky.
这些山在天空的衬映下很美。
It’s difficult to see anything against the bright light.
对着强光很难看到东西。
5. struggle n. & vi. 过去式，过去分词-d; -d；现在分词struggling
[词 义] 斗争，战斗；挣扎，努力，挣扎着走
[同/近义词] fight
[必记搭配] struggle against 和…斗争/搏斗
struggle for 为…而斗争/打斗
struggle with 和…斗争
struggle along 挣扎着生活下去
[例] For over four hundred years they conducted a brave struggle for independence.
他们为了获得独立进行了长达四百年的英勇斗争。
He struggled in the dark, without advice, without encouragement.
他在黑暗中挣扎着，没有得到任何建议或鼓励。
All his life he has been struggling against injustice.
他的一生都在与不公平作斗争。
I struggled with him for the knife.
我与他为了争夺那把刀而搏斗。
[实战演练]
The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.
A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard
答案：A
解析：句意为：孩子们在餐桌上说的如此大声，我不得不努力使自己的声音被其他人所听到。这里的struggle相当于try，即：努力让别人听到，故其后用不定式的被动形式。
