(点击购买全套高三备考复习资料)
考点一、词义辨析
1.lay和lie
2.arise,rise和raise
3.可用于“动词+sb.+of sth.”的常用动词
accuse(控告),cheat(欺骗),cure(治愈),inform(通知),remind(提醒),rid(摆脱),rob(抢劫),warn(警告)
This photo reminds me of my school days.
这张照片使我想起了学校生活。
The people of the town were warned of the danger of flooding.
该镇居民被警告有洪水危险。
4.可用于“动词+sb.+for doing sth.”的常用动词
blame(指责),criticise(批评),forgive(原谅),excuse(原谅),pardon(原谅),punish(惩罚),scold(指责),thank(感谢)
Forgive me for saying so,but I think that's nonsense.
原谅我这样说,但是我认为没意义。
I don't blame you for doing that.
我不责备你做了那事。
考点二、常考动词短语
1.bring构成的短语
bring about 引起,导致
bring back 使想起
bring down 降低
bring in 赚得;引入;请……做
bring up 提出;养育;抚养;呕吐
2.break 构成的短语
break away(from)逃脱;脱离
break down (机器等)坏掉;(身体)垮掉;(计划、和谈等)失败
break in 破门而入;插嘴
break into 强行闯入;突然开始
break out (火灾、战争、疾病等)突然开始;爆发
break up 解散;粉碎;绝交
3.call 构成的短语
call at 拜访(某地)
call on 拜访(某人)
call back 回电话
call up 打电话给;使回忆起
call for 去(接);需要,要求
call in 召来
call off 取消
4.cut 构成的短语
cut down 砍倒;削减
cut in 打断(谈话),插嘴
cut off 中断;断绝
cut up 切碎
5.come 构成的短语
come about 发生
come across 偶遇
come to 共计,达到;苏醒
come true 变为现实
come up 走上前;被提出
come up with 提出
come into being 形成
6.get 构成的短语
get about 四处走动;传开
get across 传达
get away 逃脱,设法离开
get down 下来;记下
get off 出发;下班
get together 聚会
get through 接通;通过
get down to 开始认真干
get over 克服
get along/on with 进展;相处
7.go 构成的短语
go away 离开
go back 返回(某地)
go by 逝去
go on 继续下去,上场,开始运行
go over 检查,反复研究
go out 熄灭
go up (价格等)上涨
go down (温度等)下降
go against 违背;对……不利
go ahead 开始,进展,进行
go after/for 追逐,追求
go without 勉强维持;凑合
go in for 爱好;参加;从事
go through 通过;经历
go over 复习;仔细审查
go by 过去,经过
8.give 构成的短语
give up 放弃
give in 屈服
give out 用尽;分发
give away 泄露;赠送;颁发
give off 发出
give back 归还;使恢复
9.make 构成的短语
make up for 补偿,弥补
make out 辨认出
make fun of 取笑
make up one's mind 下定决心
make sense 有道理(意义),讲得通
make good/full use of...充分利用……
make up 编造;组成;构成;补齐,凑足
10.put 构成的短语
put aside 把……放在一边
put away 把……收好
put down 扑灭,平息
put forward 提出
put off 延期,推迟
put out 扑灭;生产
put up 挂起,张贴;搭起;为某人提供食宿
put up with 忍受,容忍
11.turn 构成的短语
turn down 拒绝;调低
turn in 上交
turn out 结果是,证明是
turn over 移交,交给
turn up 出现;调高
turn off 关掉
turn on 打开
turn away 走开
turn to 求助于;翻到
语法训练
1.(2011年高考天津卷)I________a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a parttime job during the summer vacation.
A.borrowed B.opened
C.entered D.ordered
解析:句意:我在暑假做兼职工作挣了1 000美元之后在银行开了个账户。borrow借(入);open开设;enter进入;order命令。根据句意可确定选B项。
答案:B
2.(2011年高考福建卷)I'd prefer to________my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B.express
C.pass D.reserve
解析:句意:在我找到所有的证据之前,我宁愿保留我的看法。show显示,表明;express表明,表达;pass传递,通过;reserve保留。由句意可知D项正确。
答案:D
3.(2011年高考安徽卷)If you________faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A.come across B.care about
C.look for D.focus upon
解析:句意:如果你偶然发现些瑕疵而又还想要这辆自行车,你可以让店员降低价格。B项care about表示“关心,在乎”,C项look for表示“寻找”,D项focus upon表示“集中(注意力)”,这三项很明显与题意不符;只有A项come across表示“偶然发现,偶然遇见”符合句子意思。因此选A项。
答案:A
4.(2011年高考福建卷)Born into a family with three brothers, David was________to value the sense of sharing.
A.brought up B.turned down
C.looked after D.held back
解析:句意:出生在一个有三个哥哥的家庭里,戴维被教导要重视分享意识。bring up养育,抚养,教育;turn down拒绝,(把声音等)调低;look after照料,照看;hold back阻挡,妨碍,控制(感情),隐瞒不讲。根据句意可知A项正确。
答案:A
5.(2011年高考江西卷)You can't predict everything. Often things don't ________as you expect.
A.run out B.break out
C.work out D.put out
解析:句意:你不能预料一切,事情常常不按你预期的那样发展。run out用完,用尽;break out爆发;work out算出,做出,制订出,发生,发展;put out熄灭。根据句意知选C项。
答案:C
6.—How was the school's sports meet?
—We didn't plan it like that but it ________very well.
A.tried out B.went out
C.worked out D.carried out
解析:考查动词短语。后句句意:我们事先并没有那样计划,但最后结果却很好。work out“成功地发展”,符合语意。try out意为“试验”;go out意为“出去,熄灭”;carry out 意为“贯彻,实行”。
答案:C
7.Everyone should learn something about first aid,because every second ________in an emergency.
A.urges B.costs
C.needs D.counts
解析:考查动词辨析。句意:每个人都应该了解有关急救的知识,因为在紧急情况下每一秒都很重要。urge意为“力劝,催促”;cost意为“花费”;need意为“需要”;count意为“重要”。根据语境选D项。
答案:D
8.(2012年无锡市检测)Leave him alone.He is ________himself to the preparations for the coming exam.
A.adjusting B.applying
C.losing D.engaging
解析:考查动词辨析。apply oneself to努力学习,勤奋工作,符合语意。adjust oneself to适应,习惯;lose oneself in沉迷于,全神贯注于;engage sb.in(使)从事,参加。
答案:B
9.(2012年盐城模拟)—Because of the rain,we'll have to________the football match.
—I'm free next Sunday if you would like to play then.
A.advance B.postpone
C.abandon D.advocate
解析:考查动词辨析。advance前进;postpone推迟,延期;abandon丢弃,遗弃;advocate拥护,提倡。句意:——由于下雨,我们将不得不推迟足球赛。——如果你喜欢玩,下周日我有空。
答案: B
10.(2012年苏州模拟)—Shall we ________for twenty minutes and have a cup of coffee?
—I can't agree with you any more.
A.break off B.break down
C.break up D.break out
解析:考查动词短语。问句句意:我们能不能停下来喝杯咖啡?break off中断,停止;break down 瓦解,分解;break up破裂,解散;break out爆发。
答案:A
11.Some parents are just too protective.They want to ________their kids from every kind of danger,real or imagined.
A.spot B.dismiss
C.shelter D.distinguish
解析:考查动词辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”,让他们避免各种危险,无论是真实的,还是想象的。A项表示“认出;发现”;B项表示“开除;解散”;D项表示“区分”,都不符合语意。
答案:C
12.—I came all the way to inform you of the time and place of the meeting.
—You could have ________yourself the trouble by calling me.
A.shared B.spared
C. cost D.removed
解析:考查动词辨析。答话人认为对方本来不必一路走来通知自己会议的时间和地点,打个电话就可以省去这种麻烦,spare sb.the trouble表示“免除某人(做某事的)麻烦”。
答案:B
13.It is required that all traffic participants should ________the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster.
A.perform B.observe
C.support D.possess
解析:考查动词辨析。此处observe the traffic rules是固定表达,意为“遵守交通法规”,据此选B。
答案:B
14.(2012年温州五校联考)A wellwritten composition ________good choice of words and clear organization among other things.
A.calls on B.calls up
C.calls for D.calls off
解析:考查动词短语辨析。call on表示“号召”;call up 表示“打电话,使想起”;call for表示“要求,需要”;call off表示“取消”。根据题意可知选C。
答案:C
15.The great damage which the destructive earthquake in Japan in March 11,2011________made a great many people homeless.
A.brought in B.brought about
C.brought up D.brought out
解析:考查动词短语。句意:2011年3月11日在日本发生的灾难性地震造成的巨大破坏使很多人无家可归。bring about造成,导致,符合语意。bring in引进,赚得,提出;bring up养育,抚养;bring out阐明,生产。
答案:B