爱华网
清明节的英文翻译
celebrated two weeks after the vernal equinox, tomb sweeping day is one of the few traditional chinese holidays that follows the solar calendar-- typically falling on april 4, 5, or 6. its chinese name "qing ming" literally means "clear brightness," hinting at its importance as a celebration of spring. similar to the spring festivals of other cultures, tomb sweeping day celebrates the rebirth of nature, while marking the beginning of the planting season and other outdoor activities.
qing ming jie in ancient times
in ancient times, people celebrated qing ming jie with dancing, singing, picnics, and kite flying. colored boiled eggs would be broken to symbolize the opening of life. in the capital, the emperor would plant trees on the palace grounds to celebrate the renewing nature of spring. in the villages, young men and women would court each other.
the tomb sweeping day as celebrated today
with the passing of time, this celebration of life became a day to the honor past ancestors. following folk religion, the chinese believed that the spirits of deceased ancestors looked after the family. sacrifices of food and spirit money could keep them happy, and the family would prosper through good harvests and more children.
today, chinese visit their family graves to tend to any underbrush that has grown. weeds are pulled, and dirt swept away, and the family will set out offerings of food and spirit money. unlike the sacrifices at a family's home altar, the offerings at the tomb usually consist of dry, bland food. one theory is that since any number of ghosts rome around a grave area, the less appealing food will be consumed by the ancestors, and not be plundered by strangers.
honoring ancestors
honoring ancestors begins with proper positioning of a gravesite and coffin. experts in feng shui, or geomancy, determine the quality of land by the surrounding aspects of streams, rivers, trees, hills, and so forth. an area that faces south, with groves of pine trees creates the best flow of cosmic energy required to keep ancestors happy. unfortunately, nowadays, with china's burgeoning population, public cemetaries have quickly surplanted private gravesites. family elders will visit the gravesite at least once a year to tend to the tombs.
while bland food is placed by the tombs on qing ming jie, the chinese regularly provide scrumptious offerings to their ancestors at altar tables in their homes. the food usually consists of chicken, eggs, or other dishes a deceased ancestor was fond of. accompanied by rice, the dishes and eating utensils are carefully arranged so as to bring good luck. sometimes, a family will put burning incense with the offering so as to expedite the transfer of nutritious elements to the ancestors. in some parts of china, the food is then eaten by the entire family. kites
besides the traditions of honoring the dead, people also often fly kits on tomb sweeping day. kites can come in all kinds of shapes, sizes, and colors. designs could include frogs, dragonflies, butterflies, crabs, bats, and storks.
ching ming festival is one of the 24 segments in chinese calendar. it normally falls on the 4th or 5th of april because it's depended on the cold food day (105 days after previous year's winter solstice). in the old days, ching ming was celebrated 3 days after the cold food day but cold food day was shorted to one day and then abandoned. so nowadays, ching ming and cold food day fall on the same day although no one celebrate cold food day any more. ching ming is also known as "remembrance of ancestors day" or 'grave sweeping day'.
on ching ming, the whole family will visit their ancestors or relatives' graves. i remember when i was little, we had to catch a diesel train to north new territories to do grave sweeping. as a kid, i always find it scary when the train go through the dark tunnel of the hill. but there is no more diesel trains running in hk now. if you want to see one, you can find it in the railway museum in tai po market.
